Abstract
A number of plant traits have been suggested to ameliorate the effects of water deficits on crop yield. A quantitative response across a range of years and location is needed because many traits that could be beneficial in dry years might also be detrimental in wet years. This analysis was undertaken using a robust simulation model of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] development and growth to quantify yield changes as a result of modification of five traits: rooting depth extension, rate of leaf area development, decreased stomata conductance at high soil water content, reduced maximum transpiration rate, and drought‐tolerant nitrogen fixation. Simulations were done for 50 yr of weather data for 2655 grid locations of 30 km by 30 km size in the United States. Slow rate of rooting development was a neutral or negative trait in most locations. Slow leaf area development proved beneficial in less than half the years and in wetter years it resulted in yield losses. Water conservation both by early decrease in stomata conductance with soil drying and by reducing the maximum transpiration rate resulted in yield increases in many locations in 70% or more of the years. Both traits resulted in only small yield decreases in the wet years. Drought‐tolerant nitrogen fixation had the greatest benefit of all traits with a yield gain in more than 85% of the years at nearly all locations, and in those cases with no yield increase there was only a very small yield loss.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Slow rooting development was neutral or negative in most locations.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- Slow rate of rooting developmente0
- Outcome
- yield changese1
- Direction
- neutral or negativee0
- Qualifier
- in most locationse0
- Setting
- United Statese2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Slow rate of rooting development was a neutral or negative trait in most locations.”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] development and growth to quantify yield changes”
e2“in the United States”
Claim · model-written summary
Slow leaf development benefited yield in less than half the years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- Slow leaf area developmente0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- beneficiale0
- Qualifier
- in less than half the yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Slow leaf area development proved beneficial in less than half the years and in wetter years it resulted in yield losses.”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] development and growth to quantify yield changes”
Claim · model-written summary
Slow leaf development caused yield losses in wetter years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- Slow leaf area developmente0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- lossese0
- Qualifier
- in wetter yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Slow leaf area development proved beneficial in less than half the years and in wetter years it resulted in yield losses.”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] development and growth to quantify yield changes”
Claim · model-written summary
Early stomatal conductance reduction increased yield in many locations in at least 70% of years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- early decrease in stomata conductance with soil dryinge0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 70% or more of the yearse0
- Qualifier
- in many locationse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water conservation both by early decrease in stomata conductance with soil drying and by reducing the maximum transpiration rate resulted in yield increases in many locations in 70% or more of the years.”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] development and growth to quantify yield changes”
Claim · model-written summary
Reducing maximum transpiration increased yield in many locations in at least 70% of years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- reducing the maximum transpiration ratee0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 70% or more of the yearse0
- Qualifier
- in many locationse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water conservation both by early decrease in stomata conductance with soil drying and by reducing the maximum transpiration rate resulted in yield increases in many locations in 70% or more of the years.”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] development and growth to quantify yield changes”
Claim · model-written summary
Early stomatal conductance reduction caused only small yield decreases in wet years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe2
- Treatment
- early decrease in stomata conductance with soil dryinge1
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- decreasese0
- Qualifier
- only small yield decreases in the wet yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both traits resulted in only small yield decreases in the wet years.”
e1“early decrease in stomata conductance with soil drying”
e2“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] development and growth to quantify yield changes”
Claim · model-written summary
Reducing maximum transpiration caused only small yield decreases in wet years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe2
- Treatment
- reducing the maximum transpiration ratee1
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- decreasese0
- Qualifier
- only small yield decreases in the wet yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both traits resulted in only small yield decreases in the wet years.”
e1“reducing the maximum transpiration rate”
e2“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] development and growth to quantify yield changes”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought-tolerant nitrogen fixation provided the greatest benefit, raising yield in more than 85% of years at nearly all locations.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- Drought‐tolerant nitrogen fixatione0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- gaine0
- Value
- more than 85% of the yearse0
- Qualifier
- at nearly all locationse0
- Comparator
- all traitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought‐tolerant nitrogen fixation had the greatest benefit of all traits with a yield gain in more than 85% of the years at nearly all locations, and in those cases with no yield increase there was only a very small yield loss.”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] development and growth to quantify yield changes”
Claim · model-written summary
When drought-tolerant nitrogen fixation did not increase yield, the yield loss was very small.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- Drought‐tolerant nitrogen fixatione0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- losse0
- Qualifier
- only a very small yield losse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought‐tolerant nitrogen fixation had the greatest benefit of all traits with a yield gain in more than 85% of the years at nearly all locations, and in those cases with no yield increase there was only a very small yield loss.”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] development and growth to quantify yield changes”
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See all 416 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.