Abstract
Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill] plant morphology can be altered with the use of qualitative genes. These alterations may be useful in deriving high yielding cultivars, particularly in irrigated and/or narrow row cultural environments. Near‐isogenic lines of the soybean cultivars ‘Clark’ and ‘Harosoy,’ which possessed alleles (singly or in combination) conditioning determine ( dt 1 ) or semideterminate ( Dt 2 ) stem growth, shortened ( S ) or lengthened ( s t ) stem internode length, narrow ( ln ) or oval ( lo ) leaflet shape, five ( Lf 1 ) or seven ( lf 2 ) leaflet numbers, wavy leaflet margins ( lw 1 ), dense ( Pd ), sparse ( Ps ), semi‐sparse ( Ps 6 ), or appressed ( pa 1 pa 2 ) pubescence, or earlier flowering and maturity ( e 2 ), were evaluated for agronomic performance in 18‐ and 71‐cm row spacings under irrigation for 2 years. The Clark‐ Dt 2 S , ‐ Dt 2 Lf 1 ln , ‐ pa 1 pa 2 , and ‐ Dt 2 isolines were significantly greater in yield than Clark, while Clark‐ Lf 1 , ‐ lf 2 , ‐ dt 1 , ‐ S , ‐ dt 1 S , and ‐ dt 1 s t were significantly lower in yield. The Harosoy‐ Pd isoline was significantly greater in yield than Harosoy, while Harosoy‐ pa 1 pa 2 , ‐ dt 1 S , and ‐ dt 1 were significantly lower in yield. The interaction of isoline ✕ row spacing was not significant in the combined 2‐year data. There were significant effects of the various alleles on maturity, plant height, lodging, seed quality, and seed weight. Only the Dt 2 allele consistently increased yields, but other alleles (e.g., Pd , pa 1 pa 2 ) increased yields depending upon the cultivar in which these were present. Significant inter‐allelic and allele ✕ genetic background interactions were observed in some cases indicating that allelic ‘worth’ may depend on complementarity with other genes. The alleles Dt 2 , Pd , pa 1 pa 2 , and Dt 2 S appear to have some potential for yield improvement in soybeans, depending somewhat upon the genetic background in which these are introduced, and warrant consideration by soybean breeders in cultivar development or population improvement.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Clark isoline with Dt 2 S yielded significantly more than Clark
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Material
- Clarke1
- Treatment
- Dt 2 Se1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Comparator
- Clarke1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
e1“The Clark‐ Dt 2 S , ‐ Dt 2 Lf 1 ln , ‐ pa 1 pa 2 , and ‐ Dt 2 isolines were significantly greater in yield than Clark”
Claim · model-written summary
Clark isoline with Dt 2 Lf 1 ln yielded significantly more than Clark
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Clarke1
- Treatment
- Dt 2 Lf 1 lne1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Comparator
- Clarke1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
e1“The Clark‐ Dt 2 S , ‐ Dt 2 Lf 1 ln , ‐ pa 1 pa 2 , and ‐ Dt 2 isolines were significantly greater in yield than Clark”
Claim · model-written summary
Clark isoline with pa 1 pa 2 yielded significantly more than Clark
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Clarke1
- Treatment
- pa 1 pa 2e1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Comparator
- Clarke1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
e1“The Clark‐ Dt 2 S , ‐ Dt 2 Lf 1 ln , ‐ pa 1 pa 2 , and ‐ Dt 2 isolines were significantly greater in yield than Clark”
Claim · model-written summary
Clark isoline with Dt 2 yielded significantly more than Clark
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Clarke1
- Treatment
- Dt 2e1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Comparator
- Clarke1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
e1“The Clark‐ Dt 2 S , ‐ Dt 2 Lf 1 ln , ‐ pa 1 pa 2 , and ‐ Dt 2 isolines were significantly greater in yield than Clark”
Claim · model-written summary
Clark isoline with Lf 1 yielded significantly less than Clark
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Clarke1
- Treatment
- Lf 1e1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- Clarke1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
e1“while Clark‐ Lf 1 , ‐ lf 2 , ‐ dt 1 , ‐ S , ‐ dt 1 S , and ‐ dt 1 s t were significantly lower in yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Clark isoline with lf 2 yielded significantly less than Clark
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Clarke1
- Treatment
- lf 2e1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- Clarke1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
e1“while Clark‐ Lf 1 , ‐ lf 2 , ‐ dt 1 , ‐ S , ‐ dt 1 S , and ‐ dt 1 s t were significantly lower in yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Clark isoline with dt 1 yielded significantly less than Clark
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Clarke1
- Treatment
- dt 1e1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- Clarke1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
e1“while Clark‐ Lf 1 , ‐ lf 2 , ‐ dt 1 , ‐ S , ‐ dt 1 S , and ‐ dt 1 s t were significantly lower in yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Clark isoline with S yielded significantly less than Clark
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
e1“while Clark‐ Lf 1 , ‐ lf 2 , ‐ dt 1 , ‐ S , ‐ dt 1 S , and ‐ dt 1 s t were significantly lower in yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Clark isoline with dt 1 S yielded significantly less than Clark
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Clarke1
- Treatment
- dt 1 Se1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- Clarke1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
e1“while Clark‐ Lf 1 , ‐ lf 2 , ‐ dt 1 , ‐ S , ‐ dt 1 S , and ‐ dt 1 s t were significantly lower in yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Clark isoline with dt 1 s t yielded significantly less than Clark
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Clarke1
- Treatment
- dt 1 s te1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- Clarke1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
e1“while Clark‐ Lf 1 , ‐ lf 2 , ‐ dt 1 , ‐ S , ‐ dt 1 S , and ‐ dt 1 s t were significantly lower in yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Harosoy isoline with Pd yielded significantly more than Harosoy
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Harosoye1
- Treatment
- Pde1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Comparator
- Harosoye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
e1“The Harosoy‐ Pd isoline was significantly greater in yield than Harosoy”
Claim · model-written summary
Harosoy isoline with pa 1 pa 2 yielded significantly less than Harosoy
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Harosoye1
- Treatment
- pa 1 pa 2e1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- Harosoye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
e1“while Harosoy‐ pa 1 pa 2 , ‐ dt 1 S , and ‐ dt 1 were significantly lower in yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Harosoy isoline with dt 1 S yielded significantly less than Harosoy
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Harosoye1
- Treatment
- dt 1 Se1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- Harosoye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
e1“while Harosoy‐ pa 1 pa 2 , ‐ dt 1 S , and ‐ dt 1 were significantly lower in yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Harosoy isoline with dt 1 yielded significantly less than Harosoy
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Harosoye1
- Treatment
- dt 1e1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- Harosoye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
e1“while Harosoy‐ pa 1 pa 2 , ‐ dt 1 S , and ‐ dt 1 were significantly lower in yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The isoline by row spacing interaction was not significant
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- row spacinge1
- Outcome
- interactione1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
e1“The interaction of isoline ✕ row spacing was not significant in the combined 2‐year data”
Claim · model-written summary
Various alleles had significant effects on maturity, plant height, lodging, seed quality and seed weight
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- various allelese1
- Outcome
- maturity, plant height, lodging, seed quality, and seed weighte1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
e1“There were significant effects of the various alleles on maturity, plant height, lodging, seed quality, and seed weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Dt 2 allele consistently increased yield
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Dt 2 allelee1
- Outcome
- yieldse1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
e1“Only the Dt 2 allele consistently increased yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Other alleles Pd and pa 1 pa 2 increased yield depending on cultivar
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- other allelese1
- Gene
- Pd , pa 1 pa 2e1
- Outcome
- yieldse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- depending upon the cultivare1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
e1“but other alleles (e.g., Pd , pa 1 pa 2 ) increased yields depending upon the cultivar in which these were present”
Claim · model-written summary
Inter-allelic and allele by genetic background interactions were significant in some cases
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- genetic backgrounde1
- Outcome
- interactionse1
- Qualifier
- in some casese1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill]”
e1“Significant inter‐allelic and allele ✕ genetic background interactions were observed in some cases indicating that allelic ‘worth’ may depend on complementarity with other genes”
Claim · model-written summary
Dt 2, Pd, pa 1 pa 2 and Dt 2 S alleles appear to have potential for soybean yield improvement
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe1
- Outcome
- yield improvemente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The alleles Dt 2 , Pd , pa 1 pa 2 , and Dt 2 S appear to have some potential for yield improvement in soybeans”
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