Abstract
Insect pests are perhaps the most important constraint to cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) production. In Uganda, aphids, thrips, pod sucking bugs and pod borers are ubiquitous and very devastating, sometimes leading to total crop failure. On-farm studies were conducted at 3 sites in eastern Uganda for three consecutive seasons to evaluate the use of intercropping as a pest control strategy in cowpea. Two local cowpea cultivars, Ebelat (Erect) and Icirikukwai (spreading) were grown as sole crops or intercropped with a local variety of greengram (Vigna radiata) or sorghum Sorghum bicolour cv. Seredo. Aphids and thrips populations were significantly reduced in the cowpea + sorghum intercrop but were higher in the cowpea + greengram intercrop. In contrast, pod borer and pod sucking bug infestations and their associated damage were significantly higher in the cowpea + sorghum intercrop than in the other cropping systems. These results contradict previous reports and indicate that (a) not all pests are controlled by intercropping, (b) to be effective, intercropping has to be part of a pest management system that involves other control strategies, and (c) choice of a cropping system for IPM should consider the pest profile. Key Words: Aphids, IPM, pod borers, pod sucking bugs, thrips, Vigna unguiculata Résumé Les pestes des insects représentent peut être la plus grande contrainte à la production du niébé (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp). En Ouganda, les alphides, thrips, les suceurs et foreurs de gousses sont omniprésent et très dévastateurs, par moments conduisent à la non production. Des essais des champs étaient conduits en trios endroits à l'est de l'Ouganda pour trios saisons consécutives, pour évaluer l'utilisation de cultures associées comme stratégic de contrôle des pestes dans le niébé. Deux variétiés du niébé, Ebelat (Erect) et Icirikukwai (spreading) étaient plantées en mono et cultures associées avec des variétiés locales de greengram (Vigna radiata) ou du sorgho (Sorghum bicolour cv. Seredo). Les populations des alphides et des thrips étaient significativement réduites dans le niébé associé au sorgho mais étaient élévées dans le niébé associé au greengram. Au contraire, les infestations des foreurs et des suceurs de gousses et les dommages induits étaient significativement élévés dans la combinaison niébé et sorgho que dans d'autres cultures. Ces résultants contraidisent les rapports précédents et indiquent que (a) pas toutes les pestes sont contrôlées par la culture en association, (b) pour être efficace, la culture en association doit faire partie du système de gestion des pestes impliquant d'autres stratégies de contrôle, et (c) le choix du système des cultures pour la gestion intégrées des pestes devra considérer le profile des pestes. Mots Clés: Aphides, IPM, foreurs de gousses, suceurs de gousses, thrips, Vigna unguiculata (Af Crop Sci J 2002 Vol 10 No 4 pp335-344)
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Aphid populations were significantly reduced in the cowpea + sorghum intercrop compared with the cowpea + greengram intercrop.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatae1 - Treatment
- cowpea + sorghum intercrope1
- Interactor
- AphidsAphidomorphae1pest
- Outcome
- Aphidse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Comparator
- cowpea + greengram intercrope1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Aphids and thrips populations were significantly reduced in the cowpea + sorghum intercrop but were higher in the cowpea + greengram intercrop”
Claim · model-written summary
Thrips populations were significantly reduced in the cowpea + sorghum intercrop compared with the cowpea + greengram intercrop.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae1
- Treatment
- cowpea + sorghum intercrope1
- Outcome
- thrips populationse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Comparator
- cowpea + greengram intercrope1
ThripsOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Aphids and thrips populations were significantly reduced in the cowpea + sorghum intercrop but were higher in the cowpea + greengram intercrop”
Claim · model-written summary
Aphid populations were higher in the cowpea + greengram intercrop than in the cowpea + sorghum intercrop.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae1
- Treatment
- cowpea + greengram intercrope1
- Interactor
- AphidsAphidomorphae1pest
- Outcome
- Aphidse1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- cowpea + sorghum intercrope1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Aphids and thrips populations were significantly reduced in the cowpea + sorghum intercrop but were higher in the cowpea + greengram intercrop”
Claim · model-written summary
Thrips populations were higher in the cowpea + greengram intercrop than in the cowpea + sorghum intercrop.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae1
- Treatment
- cowpea + greengram intercrope1
- Outcome
- thrips populationse1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- cowpea + sorghum intercrope1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Aphids and thrips populations were significantly reduced in the cowpea + sorghum intercrop but were higher in the cowpea + greengram intercrop”
Claim · model-written summary
Pod borer infestations and their associated damage were significantly higher in the cowpea + sorghum intercrop than in the other cropping systems.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae2
- Treatment
- cowpea + sorghum intercrope2
- Interactor
- pod borere2pest
- Outcome
- infestations and their associated damagee2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- other cropping systemse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“In contrast, pod borer and pod sucking bug infestations and their associated damage were significantly higher in the cowpea + sorghum intercrop than in the other cropping systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Pod sucking bug infestations and their associated damage were significantly higher in the cowpea + sorghum intercrop than in the other cropping systems.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae2
- Treatment
- cowpea + sorghum intercrope2
- Interactor
- pod sucking buge2pest
- Outcome
- infestations and their associated damagee2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- other cropping systemse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“In contrast, pod borer and pod sucking bug infestations and their associated damage were significantly higher in the cowpea + sorghum intercrop than in the other cropping systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Choice of a cropping system for IPM of cowpea should consider the pest profile.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Outcome
- choice of a cropping system for IPMe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Insect pests are perhaps the most important constraint to cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) production”
e3“choice of a cropping system for IPM should consider the pest profile”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping has to be part of a pest management system that involves other control strategies for cowpea.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Outcome
- part of a pest management systeme4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Insect pests are perhaps the most important constraint to cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) production”
e4“intercropping has to be part of a pest management system that involves other control strategies”
Claim · model-written summary
Not all cowpea pests are controlled by intercropping.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Outcome
- pestse6
- Qualifier
- not all pests are controlled by intercroppinge6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Insect pests are perhaps the most important constraint to cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) production”
e6“not all pests are controlled by intercropping”
The same questions in other papers
Sorghum · pest · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
Sorghum · Thrips · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
intercropping · pest · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →intercropping · Aphidomorpha · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
intercropping · Thrips · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.