Abstract
Canopy architecture, yield components, fruit composition, and vigor of Syrah were measured in response to four canopy management and three regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) treatments. The control consisted of dormant hand pruning to 22, two-node spurs (HP) with no further manipulation. Other treatments consisted of mechanically box pruning vines to 10 cm hedges and mechanically thinning the canopy to a density of 5 (CLL) or 7 (CLM) count shoots per 30 cm of row or mechanically box pruning to a 10 cm hedge with no shoot thinning (CLH). Control vines were irrigated to 70% of evapotranspiration (ETo) from fruit set until harvest (RDIC). Other vines either received 70% of full vine ETo until veraison and 50% of ETo (RDIL) thereafter or received 50% of ETo between fruit set and veraison (RDIE) and 70% thereafter. Mechanical shoot thinning (CLM) removed 25% of the total shoots, exposing 70,600 shoots·ha−1 with a distance of 4.6 cm between count shoots on the cordon, which translated to four leaf layers and 12.6 m2 leaf area. The combination of the CLM and RDIE decreased berry weight at harvest by 12% without decreasing yield compared to HP, resulting in 21.5 tons·ha−1 yield. A combination of CLM and RDIE was needed to achieve vine balance with a crop load of 9.9 kg yield/kg pruning weight and a leaf area to fruit ratio of 0.75 m2·kg−1. The study identified a canopy management method that can be used in combination with regulated deficit irrigation that reduces input costs through mechanization and enhances berry composition with a vine balance that provides sustainable production.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
CLM shoot thinning removed 25% of shoots.
- Taxon
- Syraht0
- Treatment
- Mechanical shoot thinning (CLM)e0
- Outcome
- total shootse0
- Direction
- removede0
- Value
- 25%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Mechanical shoot thinning (CLM) removed 25% of the total shoots”
t0“Syrah”
Claim · model-written summary
CLM exposed 70,600 shoots per hectare.
Verbatim
e0“exposing 70,600 shoots·ha−1”
t0“Syrah”
Claim · model-written summary
CLM left 4.6 cm between count shoots.
Verbatim
e0“with a distance of 4.6 cm between count shoots on the cordon”
t0“Syrah”
Claim · model-written summary
CLM produced four leaf layers.
Verbatim
e0“which translated to four leaf layers”
t0“Syrah”
Claim · model-written summary
CLM produced 12.6 m2 leaf area.
Verbatim
e0“and 12.6 m2 leaf area”
t0“Syrah”
Claim · model-written summary
CLM plus RDIE decreased berry weight at harvest by 12% versus HP.
Verbatim
e0“The combination of the CLM and RDIE decreased berry weight at harvest by 12% without decreasing yield compared to HP”
t0“Syrah”
Claim · model-written summary
CLM plus RDIE did not decrease yield versus HP.
Verbatim
e0“without decreasing yield compared to HP, resulting in 21.5 tons·ha−1 yield”
t0“Syrah”
Claim · model-written summary
CLM plus RDIE achieved vine balance with 9.9 kg yield per kg pruning weight.
Verbatim
e0“A combination of CLM and RDIE was needed to achieve vine balance with a crop load of 9.9 kg yield/kg pruning weight”
t0“Syrah”
Claim · model-written summary
CLM plus RDIE achieved a leaf area to fruit ratio of 0.75 m2 per kg.
Verbatim
e0“and a leaf area to fruit ratio of 0.75 m2·kg−1”
t0“Syrah”
Claim · model-written summary
The method reduced input costs through mechanization.
Verbatim
e0“reduces input costs through mechanization”
t0“Syrah”
Claim · model-written summary
The method enhanced berry composition.
Verbatim
e0“enhances berry composition”
t0“Syrah”