Abstract
Describes structural and vegetative features of bogs and fens in the peatlands area south and west of Hudson Bay, examined in summer 1957 mainly near the confluence of the Attawapiskat and Muketei Rivers (approx. 53 N, 86 W). Distinctive features of the ridge-shaped raised bogs are their undulating surfaces, large shallow pools, and lateral seepages (small, shallow pools termed flarks, in a stepped arrangement down the bog edges). Bog vegetation, typical of ombrotrophic peatlands, is acidophilous and low in pH value except in limited areas, e.g. fissures caused by frost heaving where fen plants are found, also the lateral seepages where patches of true fen vegetation appear along the rows of flarks. The plant communities are almost identical with those of similar raised bogs in Sweden and Finland. Fen surfaces are covered by large pools, and alternating low ridges low ridges and flarks. The fen water is highly minerotrophic, resulting in vegetation richer in mineral nutrients than that of the bogs, and similar to the "rich fen" or "brown fen" vegetation of Scandinavia. Roundish "black-spruce islands" are conspicuous fen features; they have permafrost cores as do knolls (palsas) north eastward near Sutton and Hawley Lakes.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Raised bogs had undulating surfaces, shallow pools and lateral seepages.
- Outcome
- undulating surfaces, large shallow pools, and lateral seepagese0
- Setting
- ridge-shaped raised bogse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Distinctive features of the ridge-shaped raised bogs are their undulating surfaces, large shallow pools, and lateral seepages”
Claim · model-written summary
Bog vegetation was acidophilous and low in pH except where fen plants or patches occurred.
Verbatim
e0“Bog vegetation, typical of ombrotrophic peatlands, is acidophilous and low in pH value except in limited areas, e.g. fissures caused by frost heaving where fen plants are found, also the lateral seepages where patches of true fen vegetation appear along the rows of flarks.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bog plant communities were almost identical to those of raised bogs in Sweden and Finland.
- Taxon
- plant communitiese0
- Outcome
- almost identicale0
- Comparator
- similar raised bogs in Sweden and Finlande0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The plant communities are almost identical with those of similar raised bogs in Sweden and Finland.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fen vegetation was richer in mineral nutrients than bog vegetation and resembled Scandinavian rich fen vegetation.
Verbatim
e0“The fen water is highly minerotrophic, resulting in vegetation richer in mineral nutrients than that of the bogs, and similar to the "rich fen" or "brown fen" vegetation of Scandinavia.”
Claim · model-written summary
Black-spruce islands in fens had permafrost cores.
- Taxon
- black-spruce
Picea marianae0 - Outcome
- permafrost corese0
- Setting
- fene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Roundish "black-spruce islands" are conspicuous fen features; they have permafrost cores”