Abstract
In celery, mannitol is a primary photosynthetic product that is associated with celery’s exceptional salt tolerance. Arabidopsis plants transformed with celery’s mannose-6-phosphate reductase (M6PR) gene produce mannitol and grow normally in the absence of stress. Daily analysis of the increase in growth (fresh and dry weight, leaf number, leaf area per plant and specific leaf weight) over a 12-day period showed less effect of salt (100 mm NaCl) on the M2 transformant than wild type (WT). Following a 12-day treatment of WT, M2 and M5 plants with 100 or 200 mm NaCl the total shoot fresh weight, leaf number, and leaf area were significantly greater in transformants than in WT plants. The efficiency of use of energy for photochemistry by PSII was measured daily under growth conditions. In WT plants treated with 100 mm NaCl, the PSII yield begin decreasing after 6 days with a 50% loss in yield after 12 days, indicating a severe loss in PSII efficiency; whereas, there was no effect on the transformants. Under atmospheric levels of CO2, growth with 200 mm NaCl caused an increase in the substomatal levels of CO2 in WT plants but not in transformants. It also caused a marked decrease in carboxylation efficiency under limiting levels of CO2 in WT compared with transformants. When stress was imposed and growth reduced by withholding water for 12 days, which resulted in a similar decrease in relative water content to salt-treated plants, there were no differences among the genotypes in PSII yields or growth. The results suggest mannitol, which is known to be a compatible solute and antioxidant, protects photosynthesis against salt-related damage to chloroplasts.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
The M2 transformant showed less growth reduction under 100 mm NaCl than wild type.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsist0 - Material
- M2 transformante0
- Treatment
- 100 mm NaCle0
- Outcome
- increase in growthe0
- Comparator
- wild type (WT)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Daily analysis of the increase in growth (fresh and dry weight, leaf number, leaf area per plant and specific leaf weight) over a 12-day period showed less effect of salt (100 mm NaCl) on the M2 transformant than wild type (WT).”
t0“Response of mannitol-producing Arabidopsis thaliana to abiotic stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt-treated transformants had greater shoot fresh weight, leaf number, and leaf area than wild type.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- M2 and M5e0
- Treatment
- 100 or 200 mm NaCle0
- Outcome
- total shoot fresh weight, leaf number, and leaf areae0
- Comparator
- WT plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Following a 12-day treatment of WT, M2 and M5 plants with 100 or 200 mm NaCl the total shoot fresh weight, leaf number, and leaf area were significantly greater in transformants than in WT plants.”
t0“Response of mannitol-producing Arabidopsis thaliana to abiotic stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Wild-type PSII yield declined by 50% after 12 days at 100 mm NaCl.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In WT plants treated with 100 mm NaCl, the PSII yield begin decreasing after 6 days with a 50% loss in yield after 12 days, indicating a severe loss in PSII efficiency; whereas, there was no effect on the transformants.”
t0“Response of mannitol-producing Arabidopsis thaliana to abiotic stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt treatment did not affect PSII yield in transformants.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- transformantse0
- Treatment
- 100 mm NaCle0
- Outcome
- PSII yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In WT plants treated with 100 mm NaCl, the PSII yield begin decreasing after 6 days with a 50% loss in yield after 12 days, indicating a severe loss in PSII efficiency; whereas, there was no effect on the transformants.”
t0“Response of mannitol-producing Arabidopsis thaliana to abiotic stress”
Claim · model-written summary
At 200 mm NaCl, substomatal CO2 increased in wild type but not transformants.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- WT plantse0
- Treatment
- 200 mm NaCle0
- Outcome
- substomatal levels of CO2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under atmospheric levels of CO2, growth with 200 mm NaCl caused an increase in the substomatal levels of CO2 in WT plants but not in transformants.”
t0“Response of mannitol-producing Arabidopsis thaliana to abiotic stress”
Claim · model-written summary
At 200 mm NaCl, carboxylation efficiency decreased in wild type relative to transformants.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- WTe0
- Outcome
- carboxylation efficiencye0
- Comparator
- transformantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It also caused a marked decrease in carboxylation efficiency under limiting levels of CO2 in WT compared with transformants.”
t0“Response of mannitol-producing Arabidopsis thaliana to abiotic stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Withholding water for 12 days produced no genotype difference in PSII yield or growth.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- withholding water for 12 dayse0
- Outcome
- PSII yields or growthe0
- Comparator
- genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When stress was imposed and growth reduced by withholding water for 12 days, which resulted in a similar decrease in relative water content to salt-treated plants, there were no differences among the genotypes in PSII yields or growth.”
t0“Response of mannitol-producing Arabidopsis thaliana to abiotic stress”