Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L.) is a major food crop in Ghana but grain yield is often constrained by low soil fertility and water deficits during grain fill. Response of maize to tillage and fertilizer treatments was evaluated in a field experiment from 2000 through 2002 on a sandy loam soil (Typic-plinthic Paleustalf) in Wa in the northern Guinea savanna of Ghana Tied-ridging at 4wk after planting on the flat was compared with planting on a flat soil surface without ridging and with a traditional ridging practice 4 wk after planting on the flat in combination with four fertilizer treatments (F1 = no fertilizer; F2 = 45-19-19; F3 = 64-38-38 and F4 = 90-38-38) as kg N, P O and K O ha-1. Tillage-induced differences in maize growth and yield were not 2 5 2 significant in any season. Over the years fertilizer increased maize growth and yield but this was independent of the tillage treatment. Mean grain yields with the F2, F3 and F4 treatments were 208-234, 304-413 and 391-567% greater than with no fertilizer treatment, respectively. Mean stover yield was 74-85, 147-158 and 131-141% greater respectively, with F2, F3 and F4 than with no fertilizer treatment. Economic analyses showed that the marginal rate of return in applying fertilizer ranged from 97 to 107%. The MRR for F3 was greater than that of F4 but F4 had greater net returns Further studies may be needed to establish appropriate time of tied-ridging and optimum fertilizer level for maize in the Guinea savanna of Ghana.Keywords: Maize, fertilizer, tied-ridging, savanna zone, net returns.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage induced no significant difference in maize growth and yield in any season.
Zea maysNot reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tillage-induced differences in maize growth and yield were not 2 5 2 significant in any season.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer increased maize growth and yield independently of tillage.
- Treatment
- fertilizere0
- Outcome
- maize growth and yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- independent of the tillage treatmente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Over the years fertilizer increased maize growth and yield but this was independent of the tillage treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
F2 grain yield was 208-234% greater than no fertilizer.
- Treatment
- F2e0
- Outcome
- Mean grain yieldse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 208-234e0
- Comparator
- no fertilizer treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mean grain yields with the F2, F3 and F4 treatments were 208-234, 304-413 and 391-567% greater than with no fertilizer treatment, respectively.”
t0“Tillage and Fertilizer Effects on Maize Production in Northern Guinea Savanna of Ghana”
Claim · model-written summary
F3 grain yield was 304-413% greater than no fertilizer.
- Treatment
- F3e0
- Outcome
- Mean grain yieldse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 304-413e0
- Comparator
- no fertilizer treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mean grain yields with the F2, F3 and F4 treatments were 208-234, 304-413 and 391-567% greater than with no fertilizer treatment, respectively.”
t0“Tillage and Fertilizer Effects on Maize Production in Northern Guinea Savanna of Ghana”
Claim · model-written summary
F4 grain yield was 391-567% greater than no fertilizer.
- Treatment
- F4e0
- Outcome
- Mean grain yieldse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 391-567%e0
- Comparator
- no fertilizer treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mean grain yields with the F2, F3 and F4 treatments were 208-234, 304-413 and 391-567% greater than with no fertilizer treatment, respectively.”
t0“Tillage and Fertilizer Effects on Maize Production in Northern Guinea Savanna of Ghana”
Claim · model-written summary
F2 stover yield was 74-85% greater than no fertilizer.
- Treatment
- F2e0
- Outcome
- Mean stover yielde0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 74-85e0
- Comparator
- no fertilizer treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mean stover yield was 74-85, 147-158 and 131-141% greater respectively, with F2, F3 and F4 than with no fertilizer treatment.”
t0“Tillage and Fertilizer Effects on Maize Production in Northern Guinea Savanna of Ghana”
Claim · model-written summary
F3 stover yield was 147-158% greater than no fertilizer.
- Treatment
- F3e0
- Outcome
- Mean stover yielde0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 147-158e0
- Comparator
- no fertilizer treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mean stover yield was 74-85, 147-158 and 131-141% greater respectively, with F2, F3 and F4 than with no fertilizer treatment.”
t0“Tillage and Fertilizer Effects on Maize Production in Northern Guinea Savanna of Ghana”
Claim · model-written summary
F4 stover yield was 131-141% greater than no fertilizer.
- Treatment
- F4e0
- Outcome
- Mean stover yielde0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 131-141%e0
- Comparator
- no fertilizer treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mean stover yield was 74-85, 147-158 and 131-141% greater respectively, with F2, F3 and F4 than with no fertilizer treatment.”
t0“Tillage and Fertilizer Effects on Maize Production in Northern Guinea Savanna of Ghana”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer marginal rate of return ranged from 97 to 107%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Economic analyses showed that the marginal rate of return in applying fertilizer ranged from 97 to 107%.”
t0“Tillage and Fertilizer Effects on Maize Production in Northern Guinea Savanna of Ghana”
Claim · model-written summary
F3 had greater marginal return than F4.
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The MRR for F3 was greater than that of F4 but F4 had greater net returns”
t0“Tillage and Fertilizer Effects on Maize Production in Northern Guinea Savanna of Ghana”
Claim · model-written summary
F4 had greater net returns than F3.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The MRR for F3 was greater than that of F4 but F4 had greater net returns”
t0“Tillage and Fertilizer Effects on Maize Production in Northern Guinea Savanna of Ghana”
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See all 3,908 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.