Abstract
The effects of ploughing or no-tillage of long-term grass and grass-clover swards on changes in organic C and N pools and on CO 2 and denitrified gas emissions were investigated in a 3-year field experiment in 1996–99 near Penicuik, Scotland. The decrease in soil C content between 1996 and 1999 was 15·3 t/ha (95% confidence limits were 1·7–28·9 t/ha). Field estimates of CO 2 losses from deep-ploughed, normal-ploughed and no-tillage plots were 3·1, 4·5 and 4·6 t/ha over the sampling periods (a total of 257 days) in 1996–98. The highest N 2 O fluxes were from the fertilized spring barley under no-tillage. Thus no-tillage did not reduce C emissions, caused higher N 2 O emissions, and required larger inputs of N fertilizer than ploughing. By contrast, deep ploughing led to smaller C and N 2 O emissions but had no effect on yields, suggesting that deep ploughing might be an appropriate means of conserving C and N when leys are ploughed in. Subsoil denitrification losses were estimated to be 10–16 kg N/ha per year by measurement of 15 N emissions from incubated intact cores. A balance sheet of N inputs and outputs showed that net N mineralization over 3 years was lower from plots receiving N fertilizer than from plots receiving no fertilizer.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Soil carbon fell 15·3 t/ha between 1996 and 1999.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Outcome
- soil C contente0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 15·3 t/hae0
- Qualifier
- 95% confidence limits were 1·7–28·9 t/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The decrease in soil C content between 1996 and 1999 was 15·3 t/ha (95% confidence limits were 1·7–28·9 t/ha)”
t0“spring and winter barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep ploughing had estimated CO2 losses of 3·1 t/ha.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- deep-ploughede0
- Outcome
- CO 2 lossese0
- Value
- 3·1e0
- Qualifier
- over the sampling periodse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field estimates of CO 2 losses from deep-ploughed, normal-ploughed and no-tillage plots were 3·1, 4·5 and 4·6 t/ha over the sampling periods”
t0“spring and winter barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Normal ploughing had estimated CO2 losses of 4·5 t/ha.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- normal-ploughede0
- Outcome
- CO 2 lossese0
- Value
- 4·5e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field estimates of CO 2 losses from deep-ploughed, normal-ploughed and no-tillage plots were 3·1, 4·5 and 4·6 t/ha over the sampling periods”
t0“spring and winter barley”
Claim · model-written summary
No tillage had estimated CO2 losses of 4·6 t/ha.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- no-tillagee0
- Outcome
- CO 2 lossese0
- Value
- 4·6e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field estimates of CO 2 losses from deep-ploughed, normal-ploughed and no-tillage plots were 3·1, 4·5 and 4·6 t/ha over the sampling periods”
t0“spring and winter barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilized spring barley under no tillage had the highest N2O fluxes.
- Taxon
- spring barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- no-tillagee0
- Outcome
- N 2 O fluxese0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest N 2 O fluxes were from the fertilized spring barley under no-tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
No tillage failed to reduce carbon emissions.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- no-tillagee0
- Outcome
- C emissionse0
- Direction
- did not reducee0
- Comparator
- ploughinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no-tillage did not reduce C emissions, caused higher N 2 O emissions, and required larger inputs of N fertilizer than ploughing”
t0“barley following long-term leys”
Claim · model-written summary
No tillage increased N2O emissions.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- no-tillagee0
- Outcome
- N 2 O emissionse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- ploughinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no-tillage did not reduce C emissions, caused higher N 2 O emissions, and required larger inputs of N fertilizer than ploughing”
t0“barley following long-term leys”
Claim · model-written summary
No tillage required more nitrogen fertilizer than ploughing.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- no-tillagee0
- Outcome
- inputs of N fertilizere0
- Direction
- largere0
- Comparator
- ploughinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no-tillage did not reduce C emissions, caused higher N 2 O emissions, and required larger inputs of N fertilizer than ploughing”
t0“barley following long-term leys”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep ploughing reduced carbon emissions.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- deep ploughinge0
- Outcome
- emissionse0
- Direction
- smallere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“deep ploughing led to smaller C and N 2 O emissions but had no effect on yields”
t0“barley following long-term leys”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep ploughing reduced N2O emissions.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- deep ploughinge0
- Outcome
- N 2 O emissionse0
- Direction
- smallere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“deep ploughing led to smaller C and N 2 O emissions but had no effect on yields”
t0“barley following long-term leys”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep ploughing had no effect on yields.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- deep ploughinge0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“deep ploughing led to smaller C and N 2 O emissions but had no effect on yields”
t0“barley following long-term leys”
Claim · model-written summary
Subsoil denitrification losses were estimated at 10–16 kg N/ha per year.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- Subsoil denitrification lossese0
- Value
- 10–16 kg N/ha per yeare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Subsoil denitrification losses were estimated to be 10–16 kg N/ha per year”
t0“barley following long-term leys”
Claim · model-written summary
Net nitrogen mineralization was lower with nitrogen fertilizer than without it.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- N fertilizere0
- Outcome
- net N mineralizatione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- no fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“net N mineralization over 3 years was lower from plots receiving N fertilizer than from plots receiving no fertilizer”
t0“barley following long-term leys”
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See all 161 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.