Abstract
Pseudomonas marginalis is an important postharvest pathogen capable of causing soft rot in a wide variety of harvested fruits and vegetables. Following transposon mutagenesis, we isolated two groups of P. marginalis CY091 mutants deficient in production of pectate lyase (Pel) and soft-rot pathogenicity in plants. The first group, designated Pel-, was caused by the insertion of Tn5 into a pel structural gene, and the second group, designated LemA-, was caused by the insertion of Tn5 into a regulatory locus corresponding to the lemA gene previously identified in other Gram-negative bacteria. The LemA- mutants also exhibited alteration in colony morphology and showed deficiency in production of protease (Prt). A cosmid clone pCIC carrying the P. marginalis lemA gene was isolated and characterized. pCIC was capable of restoring Pel production and soft-rot pathogenicity in LemA- mutants of P. marginalis and Pseudomonas viridiflava, indicating that the function of lemA gene in these two pseudomonads was similar and interchangeable. Using MudI-mediated mutagenesis, we isolated a third group of P. marginalis mutants deficient in production of Pel, Prt, and soft-rot pathogenicity. Mutants in this group (designated GacA-1) contained an insertion of MudI in a locus corresponding to the gacA gene of P. viridiflava. Like LemA- mutants, GacA- mutants also exhibited alteration in colony morphology and showed deficiency in production of Pel and Prt. However, GacA- mutants produced much lower levels of levan and fluorescent pyoverdine siderophore than the wild type and LemA- mutants. These results provide the first genetic evidence that P. marginalis produces a single alkaline Pel for maceration of plant tissue and demonstrate that production of Pel, Prt, levan, and pyoverdin by this bacterium is mediated by the two-component lemA/gacA gene system.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Two groups of Pseudomonas marginalis CY091 mutants obtained by transposon mutagenesis were deficient in pectate lyase production and soft-rot pathogenicity in plants.
- Taxon
- Pseudomonas marginalis
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Pseudomonas marginalist0 - Material
- CY091 mutantse1
- Outcome
- production of pectate lyase (Pel) and soft-rot pathogenicitye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Pseudomonas marginalis”
e1“we isolated two groups of P. marginalis CY091 mutants deficient in production of pectate lyase (Pel) and soft-rot pathogenicity in plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The Pel- mutant group resulted from Tn5 insertion into a pel structural gene.
- Taxon
- Pseudomonas marginalisPseudomonas marginalist0
- Material
- Pel-e1
- Gene
- pel structural genee1
- Outcome
- insertion of Tn5e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pseudomonas marginalis”
e1“The first group, designated Pel-, was caused by the insertion of Tn5 into a pel structural gene”
Claim · model-written summary
The LemA- mutant group resulted from Tn5 insertion into a regulatory locus corresponding to the lemA gene.
- Taxon
- Pseudomonas marginalisPseudomonas marginalist0
- Material
- LemA-e1
- Gene
- lemA genee1
- Outcome
- insertion of Tn5e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pseudomonas marginalis”
e1“the second group, designated LemA-, was caused by the insertion of Tn5 into a regulatory locus corresponding to the lemA gene”
Claim · model-written summary
LemA- mutants also had altered colony morphology and were deficient in protease production.
- Taxon
- Pseudomonas marginalisPseudomonas marginalist0
- Material
- LemA- mutantse1
- Outcome
- alteration in colony morphology and showed deficiency in production of protease (Prt)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pseudomonas marginalis”
e1“The LemA- mutants also exhibited alteration in colony morphology and showed deficiency in production of protease (Prt)”
Claim · model-written summary
The cosmid pCIC carrying the lemA gene restored Pel production and soft-rot pathogenicity in LemA- mutants of P. marginalis.
- Taxon
- Pseudomonas marginalisPseudomonas marginalist0
- Material
- LemA- mutantse1
- Treatment
- pCICe1
- Outcome
- Pel production and soft-rot pathogenicitye1
- Direction
- restoringe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pseudomonas marginalis”
e1“pCIC was capable of restoring Pel production and soft-rot pathogenicity in LemA- mutants of P. marginalis”
Claim · model-written summary
pCIC from P. marginalis also restored Pel production and soft-rot pathogenicity in LemA- mutants of Pseudomonas viridiflava.
- Taxon
- Pseudomonas viridiflava
Pseudomonas viridiflavae1 - Material
- LemA- mutantse1
- Treatment
- pCICe1
- Outcome
- Pel production and soft-rot pathogenicitye1
- Direction
- restoringe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“pCIC was capable of restoring Pel production and soft-rot pathogenicity in LemA- mutants of P. marginalis and Pseudomonas viridiflava”
Claim · model-written summary
A third group of P. marginalis mutants, obtained by MudI mutagenesis, was deficient in Pel, protease and soft-rot pathogenicity.
- Taxon
- Pseudomonas marginalisPseudomonas marginalist0
- Material
- third group of P. marginalis mutantse1
- Outcome
- production of Pel, Prt, and soft-rot pathogenicitye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pseudomonas marginalis”
e1“we isolated a third group of P. marginalis mutants deficient in production of Pel, Prt, and soft-rot pathogenicity”
Claim · model-written summary
The GacA-1 mutants contained a MudI insertion in a locus corresponding to the gacA gene of P. viridiflava.
- Taxon
- Pseudomonas marginalisPseudomonas marginalist0
- Material
- GacA-1e1
- Gene
- gacA genee1
- Outcome
- insertion of MudIe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pseudomonas marginalis”
e1“Mutants in this group (designated GacA-1) contained an insertion of MudI in a locus corresponding to the gacA gene of P. viridiflava”
Claim · model-written summary
GacA- mutants also had altered colony morphology and were deficient in Pel and protease production.
- Taxon
- Pseudomonas marginalisPseudomonas marginalist0
- Material
- GacA- mutantse1
- Outcome
- alteration in colony morphology and showed deficiency in production of Pel and Prte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pseudomonas marginalis”
e1“GacA- mutants also exhibited alteration in colony morphology and showed deficiency in production of Pel and Prt”
Claim · model-written summary
GacA- mutants produced much lower levels of levan and fluorescent pyoverdine siderophore than the wild type and LemA- mutants.
- Taxon
- Pseudomonas marginalisPseudomonas marginalist0
- Material
- GacA- mutantse1
- Outcome
- levels of levan and fluorescent pyoverdine siderophoree1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- the wild type and LemA- mutantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pseudomonas marginalis”
e1“GacA- mutants produced much lower levels of levan and fluorescent pyoverdine siderophore than the wild type and LemA- mutants”
Claim · model-written summary
The results are presented as the first genetic evidence that P. marginalis produces a single alkaline Pel for maceration of plant tissue.
- Taxon
- Pseudomonas marginalisPseudomonas marginalist0
- Organ / stage
- plant tissuee1
- Outcome
- a single alkaline Pel for maceration of plant tissuee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pseudomonas marginalis”
e1“These results provide the first genetic evidence that P. marginalis produces a single alkaline Pel for maceration of plant tissue”
Claim · model-written summary
Production of Pel, Prt, levan and pyoverdin by P. marginalis is mediated by the two-component lemA/gacA gene system.
- Taxon
- Pseudomonas marginalisPseudomonas marginalist0
- Gene
- lemA/gacA gene systeme1
- Outcome
- production of Pel, Prt, levan, and pyoverdine1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pseudomonas marginalis”
e1“production of Pel, Prt, levan, and pyoverdin by this bacterium is mediated by the two-component lemA/gacA gene system”