Abstract
Adult trees of Pinus armandii var. amamiana (PAAm) and P. thunbergii grown in the field were inoculated with 100000 or 1000 of the nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus to evaluate their susceptibility to pine wilt disease. PAAm trees inoculated with 100000 nematodes started to show disease symptoms 2 weeks after inoculation, and all died within 29 weeks. Although the PAAm trees inoculated with 1000 nematodes tended to show delayed disease symptoms compared with those inoculated with 100000 nematodes, all of them died within 33 weeks after inoculation. All P. thunbergii trees inoculated with 1000 nematodes had died 6 weeks after inoculation. In the nematode-inoculated PAAm trees, death of branches distal to the nematode inoculation site was the first visible symptom, followed by the systemic discoloration of needles, whereas the whole tree wilted simultaneously in P. thunbergii trees. In nematode-inoculated PAAm trees, the period from inoculation to death was longer than that in P. thunbergii. These results suggest that adult PAAm trees are susceptible to pine wilt disease, but are less vulnerable than P. thunbergii.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
PAAm trees given 100000 nematodes developed symptoms after two weeks and all died within 29 weeks.
- Taxon
- Pinus armandii var. amamiana
Pinus armandiit0 - Treatment
- inoculated with 100000 nematodese0
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilus
Bursaphelenchus xylophilust1pathogen - Outcome
- disease symptomse0
- Value
- 2 weekse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PAAm trees inoculated with 100000 nematodes started to show disease symptoms 2 weeks after inoculation, and all died within 29 weeks.”
t0“Pinus armandii var. amamiana”
t1“Bursaphelenchus xylophilus”
Claim · model-written summary
All PAAm trees given 100000 nematodes died within 29 weeks.
- Taxon
- Pinus armandii var. amamianaPinus armandiit0
- Treatment
- inoculated with 100000 nematodese0
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilusBursaphelenchus xylophilust1pathogen
- Outcome
- all diede0
- Value
- 29 weekse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PAAm trees inoculated with 100000 nematodes started to show disease symptoms 2 weeks after inoculation, and all died within 29 weeks.”
t0“Pinus armandii var. amamiana”
t1“Bursaphelenchus xylophilus”
Claim · model-written summary
PAAm trees given 1000 nematodes tended to show delayed symptoms relative to the 100000-dose trees.
- Taxon
- Pinus armandii var. amamianaPinus armandiit0
- Treatment
- inoculated with 1000 nematodese0
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilusBursaphelenchus xylophilust1pathogen
- Outcome
- disease symptomse0
- Direction
- delayede0
- Comparator
- those inoculated with 100000 nematodese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the PAAm trees inoculated with 1000 nematodes tended to show delayed disease symptoms compared with those inoculated with 100000 nematodes”
t0“Pinus armandii var. amamiana”
t1“Bursaphelenchus xylophilus”
Claim · model-written summary
All PAAm trees given 1000 nematodes died within 33 weeks.
- Taxon
- Pinus armandii var. amamianaPinus armandiit0
- Treatment
- inoculated with 1000 nematodest1
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilusBursaphelenchus xylophiluse1pathogen
- Outcome
- all of them diede0
- Value
- 33 weekse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all of them died within 33 weeks after inoculation.”
t0“Pinus armandii var. amamiana”
t1“the PAAm trees inoculated with 1000 nematodes”
e1“Bursaphelenchus xylophilus”
Claim · model-written summary
All P. thunbergii trees given 1000 nematodes died within six weeks.
- Taxon
- P. thunbergii
Pinus thunbergiie0 - Treatment
- inoculated with 1000 nematodese0
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilusBursaphelenchus xylophilust0pathogen
- Outcome
- had diede0
- Value
- 6 weekse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All P. thunbergii trees inoculated with 1000 nematodes had died 6 weeks after inoculation.”
t0“Bursaphelenchus xylophilus”
Claim · model-written summary
In nematode-inoculated PAAm, distal branch death preceded systemic needle discoloration.
- Taxon
- PAAme0
- Organ / stage
- branchese0
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilusBursaphelenchus xylophilust0pathogen
- Outcome
- death of branches distal to the nematode inoculation sitee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the nematode-inoculated PAAm trees, death of branches distal to the nematode inoculation site was the first visible symptom, followed by the systemic discoloration of needles”
t0“Bursaphelenchus xylophilus”
Claim · model-written summary
P. thunbergii trees wilted throughout the whole tree at once.
- Taxon
- P. thunbergiiPinus thunbergiie0
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilusBursaphelenchus xylophilust0pathogen
- Outcome
- whole tree wilted simultaneouslye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the whole tree wilted simultaneously in P. thunbergii trees.”
t0“Bursaphelenchus xylophilus”
Claim · model-written summary
Nematode-inoculated PAAm took longer to die than P. thunbergii.
- Taxon
- PAAme0
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilusBursaphelenchus xylophilust0pathogen
- Outcome
- period from inoculation to deathe0
- Direction
- longere0
- Comparator
- P. thunbergiie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In nematode-inoculated PAAm trees, the period from inoculation to death was longer than that in P. thunbergii.”
t0“Bursaphelenchus xylophilus”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that adult PAAm trees are susceptible to pine wilt disease but less vulnerable than P. thunbergii.
- Taxon
- PAAme0
- Interactor
- Bursaphelenchus xylophilusBursaphelenchus xylophilust0pathogen
- Outcome
- susceptible to pine wilt diseasee0
- Direction
- less vulnerablee0
- Comparator
- P. thunbergiie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“adult PAAm trees are susceptible to pine wilt disease, but are less vulnerable than P. thunbergii.”
t0“Bursaphelenchus xylophilus”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · Bursaphelenchus xylophilus · Pinus thunbergii (Japanese black pine)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.