Abstract
Neonicotinoid insecticides applied as seed treatments reduce the incidence of Stewart's wilt. The objectives of this study were to examine the efficacy of different rates of seed treatment insecticides to control Stewart's wilt on susceptible sweet corn hybrids and to compare the economic value of Stewart's wilt control in sweet corn grown for processing and fresh market. Clothianidin (Poncho), imidacloprid (Gaucho), and thiamethoxam (Cruiser) applied to seed at rates ranging from 0.125 to 1.25 mg a.i. per kernel were evaluated in 11 field trials in Illinois and Delaware from 2000 to 2003. Incidence of Stewart's wilt was significantly lower when seed was treated with insecticides than when plants were grown from nontreated seed in all but one trial. The level of control usually was between 50 and 90%. Small but statistically significant differences in incidence of systemically infected plants occurred among rates of insecticides in all trials except those in 2001. Usually, incidence of systemic Stewart's wilt was lower when higher rates of insecticides were applied; however, increasing the rate of insecticides from 0.125 mg a.i. to 1.25 mg a.i. per kernel had a relatively small effect on the level of Stewart's wilt control compared with the difference between treated and nontreated sweet corn seed. Based on a regression analysis, the lowest rates of the insecticides provided 64 to 72% control. The level of control increased about 1.85% with each additional 0.1 mg a.i. of insecticide per kernel from 0.125 mg a.i. to 1.25 mg a.i. Clothianidin provided an 8 or 9% higher level of control than thiamethoxam or imidacloprid at the same rate. Recommendations for application of seed treatment insecticides to processing and fresh market sweet corn differed somewhat due to substantial differences in the value of the crops. Based on estimated costs of $6 to $12 per 0.4 ha for the seed treatments, the economic break even point (i.e., cost of control = value from control) occurred in the range of 3 to 6% Stewart's wilt incidence for processing sweet corn valued at $325 per 0.4 ha and at about 1% Stewart's wilt incidence for fresh market sweet corn valued at $1,625 per 0.4 ha. Relatively small differences in levels of control conferred by commercially available rates of clothianidin (0.25 mg a.i. per kernel) and thiamethoxam (0.125 mg a.i. per kernel) were of little consequence in processing sweet corn but had considerable economic value in fresh market sweet corn.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Seed insecticides significantly reduced Stewart wilt incidence versus untreated seed in all but one trial.
Verbatim
e0“Incidence of Stewart's wilt was significantly lower when seed was treated with insecticides than when plants were grown from nontreated seed in all but one trial.”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Typical Stewart wilt control was 50 to 90%.
Verbatim
e0“The level of control usually was between 50 and 90%.”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Insecticide rate caused small but significant differences in systemic infection in most trials.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Small but statistically significant differences in incidence of systemically infected plants occurred among rates of insecticides in all trials except those in 2001.”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher insecticide rates usually lowered systemic Stewart wilt incidence.
Verbatim
e0“Usually, incidence of systemic Stewart's wilt was lower when higher rates of insecticides were applied”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Raising the dose from 0.125 to 1.25 mg per kernel added relatively little control versus treating seed at all.
- Taxon
- Sweet Cornt0
- Treatment
- increasing the rate of insecticides from 0.125 mg a.i. to 1.25 mg a.i. per kernele0
- Outcome
- level of Stewart's wilt controle0
- Comparator
- treated and nontreated sweet corn seede0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“increasing the rate of insecticides from 0.125 mg a.i. to 1.25 mg a.i. per kernel had a relatively small effect on the level of Stewart's wilt control compared with the difference between treated and nontreated sweet corn seed.”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Lowest insecticide rates supplied 64 to 72% control.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest rates of the insecticides provided 64 to 72% control.”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Control increased about 1.85% per additional 0.1 mg per kernel.
Verbatim
e0“The level of control increased about 1.85% with each additional 0.1 mg a.i. of insecticide per kernel from 0.125 mg a.i. to 1.25 mg a.i.”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Clothianidin gave 8 or 9% more control than thiamethoxam at the same rate.
Verbatim
e0“Clothianidin provided an 8 or 9% higher level of control than thiamethoxam or imidacloprid at the same rate.”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Clothianidin gave 8 or 9% more control than imidacloprid at the same rate.
Verbatim
e0“Clothianidin provided an 8 or 9% higher level of control than thiamethoxam or imidacloprid at the same rate.”
t0“Sweet Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Processing corn broke even at 3 to 6% Stewart wilt incidence.
Verbatim
e0“the economic break even point (i.e., cost of control = value from control) occurred in the range of 3 to 6% Stewart's wilt incidence for processing sweet corn valued at $325 per 0.4 ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh market corn broke even at about 1% Stewart wilt incidence.
Verbatim
e0“at about 1% Stewart's wilt incidence for fresh market sweet corn valued at $1,625 per 0.4 ha.”
Claim · model-written summary
Small control differences among commercial rates had little economic consequence in processing corn.
Verbatim
e0“Relatively small differences in levels of control conferred by commercially available rates of clothianidin (0.25 mg a.i. per kernel) and thiamethoxam (0.125 mg a.i. per kernel) were of little consequence in processing sweet corn but had considerable economic value in fresh market sweet corn.”
Claim · model-written summary
Small control differences among commercial rates had considerable value in fresh market corn.
Verbatim
e0“Relatively small differences in levels of control conferred by commercially available rates of clothianidin (0.25 mg a.i. per kernel) and thiamethoxam (0.125 mg a.i. per kernel) were of little consequence in processing sweet corn but had considerable economic value in fresh market sweet corn.”
The same questions in other papers
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1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
insecticide · disease · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
17 papers more in this group
See all 21 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.