Abstract
The physiological and biochemical responses to increasing NaCl concentrations, along with low concentrations of gibberellic acid or spermine, either alone or in their combination, were studied in mungbean seedlings. In the test seedlings, the root-shoot elongation, biomass production, and the chlorophyll content were significantly decreased with increasing NaCl concentrations. Salt toxicity severely affected activities of different antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress markers. Activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) increased significantly over water control. Similarly, oxidative stress markers such as proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents also increased as a result of progressive increase in salt stress. Combined application of NaCl along with low concentrations of either gibberellic acid (5 µM) or spermine (50 µM) in the test seedlings showed significant alterations, that is, drastic increase in seedling elongation, increased biomass production, increased chlorophyll content, and significant lowering in all the antioxidant enzyme activities as well as oxidative stress marker contents in comparison to salt treated test seedlings, leading to better growth and metabolism. Our study shows that low concentrations of either gibberellic acid or spermine will be able to overcome the toxic effects of NaCl stress in mungbean seedlings.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing NaCl concentrations significantly decreased root-shoot elongation, biomass production and chlorophyll content in mungbean seedlings.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiata
.jpg?width=60)
Vigna radiatat0 - Treatment
- increasing NaCl concentrationse0
- Outcome
- root-shoot elongation, biomass production, and the chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)”
e0“the root-shoot elongation, biomass production, and the chlorophyll content were significantly decreased with increasing NaCl concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) increased significantly over the water control in mungbean seedlings.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
- Outcome
- Activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- water controle0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)”
e0“Activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) increased significantly over water control”
Claim · model-written summary
Proline, malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents increased with progressively increasing salt stress in mungbean seedlings.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- progressive increase in salt stresse0
- Outcome
- proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)”
e0“oxidative stress markers such as proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents also increased as a result of progressive increase in salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application of NaCl with gibberellic acid (5 µM) increased seedling elongation, biomass production and chlorophyll content compared with salt-treated mungbean seedlings.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- gibberellic acid (5 µM)e0
- Outcome
- seedling elongation, increased biomass production, increased chlorophyll contente1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Qualifier
- Combined application of NaCle0
- Comparator
- salt treated test seedlingse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)”
e0“Combined application of NaCl along with low concentrations of either gibberellic acid (5 µM) or spermine (50 µM)”
e1“drastic increase in seedling elongation, increased biomass production, increased chlorophyll content”
e2“in comparison to salt treated test seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application of NaCl with gibberellic acid (5 µM) lowered antioxidant enzyme activities and oxidative stress marker contents compared with salt-treated mungbean seedlings.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- gibberellic acid (5 µM)e0
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzyme activities as well as oxidative stress marker contentse1
- Direction
- loweringe1
- Qualifier
- Combined application of NaCle0
- Comparator
- salt treated test seedlingse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)”
e0“Combined application of NaCl along with low concentrations of either gibberellic acid (5 µM) or spermine (50 µM)”
e1“significant lowering in all the antioxidant enzyme activities as well as oxidative stress marker contents in comparison to salt treated test seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application of NaCl with spermine (50 µM) increased seedling elongation, biomass production and chlorophyll content compared with salt-treated mungbean seedlings.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- spermine (50 µM)e0
- Outcome
- seedling elongation, increased biomass production, increased chlorophyll contente1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Qualifier
- Combined application of NaCle0
- Comparator
- salt treated test seedlingse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)”
e0“Combined application of NaCl along with low concentrations of either gibberellic acid (5 µM) or spermine (50 µM)”
e1“drastic increase in seedling elongation, increased biomass production, increased chlorophyll content”
e2“in comparison to salt treated test seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application of NaCl with spermine (50 µM) lowered antioxidant enzyme activities and oxidative stress marker contents compared with salt-treated mungbean seedlings.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- spermine (50 µM)e0
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzyme activities as well as oxidative stress marker contentse1
- Direction
- loweringe1
- Qualifier
- Combined application of NaCle0
- Comparator
- salt treated test seedlingse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)”
e0“Combined application of NaCl along with low concentrations of either gibberellic acid (5 µM) or spermine (50 µM)”
e1“significant lowering in all the antioxidant enzyme activities as well as oxidative stress marker contents in comparison to salt treated test seedlings”
The same questions in other papers
sodium chloride · physiology: pigments · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results differ
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- negative
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See all 7 papers →Gibberellic acid · physiology: pigments · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
salinity · physiology: oxidative · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree
20 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
17 papers more in this group
See all 21 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.