Abstract
Oil yield losses in sunflower (cv. Peredovic) caused by rust infection (Puccinia helianthi) were greatly influenced by the growth stage of the plant when infection occurred and by the intensity of infection. Simulated epidemics produced under greenhouse conditions, where plants were first inoculated at the vegetative, budding, anthesis or seed development stages of growth and thereafter at 10 day intervals, resulted in reductions in oil yield of 85, 73, 38 and 13% respectively relative to those in uninoculated controls. In contrast, plants inoculated once only at each of these growth stages showed reductions in 011 yield of 13, 42, 35 and 10% respectively. When plants were inoculated at the vegetative stage and thereafter at 10, 20 and 40 day intervals, the reductions in oil yield were 85, 79 and 64% respectively relative to uninoculated controls. The reduction in oil yield of infected plants was caused by a reduction in the number of seeds produced per head, the weight of individual seeds and the percentage oil content of seeds. The effects of rust infection on other parameters showed similar trends to that on oil yield.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated rust inoculation beginning at vegetative reduced sunflower oil yield by 85.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuust0 - Organ / stage
- vegetativee0
- Treatment
- inoculatede0
- Interactor
- rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- oil yielde0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 85e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controlse0
- Setting
- greenhouse conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Simulated epidemics produced under greenhouse conditions, where plants were first inoculated at the vegetative, budding, anthesis or seed development stages of growth and thereafter at 10 day intervals, resulted in reductions in oil yield of 85, 73, 38 and 13% respectively relative to those in uninoculated controls.”
t0“rust epidemics on the growth and yield of sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated rust inoculation beginning at budding reduced sunflower oil yield by 73.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Organ / stage
- buddinge0
- Treatment
- inoculatede0
- Interactor
- rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- oil yielde0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 73e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controlse0
- Setting
- greenhouse conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Simulated epidemics produced under greenhouse conditions, where plants were first inoculated at the vegetative, budding, anthesis or seed development stages of growth and thereafter at 10 day intervals, resulted in reductions in oil yield of 85, 73, 38 and 13% respectively relative to those in uninoculated controls.”
t0“rust epidemics on the growth and yield of sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated rust inoculation beginning at anthesis reduced sunflower oil yield by 38.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Organ / stage
- anthesise0
- Treatment
- inoculatede0
- Interactor
- rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- oil yielde0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 38e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controlse0
- Setting
- greenhouse conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Simulated epidemics produced under greenhouse conditions, where plants were first inoculated at the vegetative, budding, anthesis or seed development stages of growth and thereafter at 10 day intervals, resulted in reductions in oil yield of 85, 73, 38 and 13% respectively relative to those in uninoculated controls.”
t0“rust epidemics on the growth and yield of sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated rust inoculation beginning at seed development reduced sunflower oil yield by 13%.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Organ / stage
- seed developmente0
- Treatment
- inoculatede0
- Interactor
- rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- oil yielde0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 13%e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controlse0
- Setting
- greenhouse conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Simulated epidemics produced under greenhouse conditions, where plants were first inoculated at the vegetative, budding, anthesis or seed development stages of growth and thereafter at 10 day intervals, resulted in reductions in oil yield of 85, 73, 38 and 13% respectively relative to those in uninoculated controls.”
t0“rust epidemics on the growth and yield of sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
One rust inoculation at vegetative reduced sunflower oil yield by 13.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- inoculated once onlye0
- Interactor
- rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- 011 yielde0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 13e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants inoculated once only at each of these growth stages showed reductions in 011 yield of 13, 42, 35 and 10% respectively.”
t0“rust epidemics on the growth and yield of sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
One rust inoculation at budding reduced sunflower oil yield by 42.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- inoculated once onlye0
- Interactor
- rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- 011 yielde0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 42e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants inoculated once only at each of these growth stages showed reductions in 011 yield of 13, 42, 35 and 10% respectively.”
t0“rust epidemics on the growth and yield of sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
One rust inoculation at anthesis reduced sunflower oil yield by 35.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- inoculated once onlye0
- Interactor
- rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- 011 yielde0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 35e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants inoculated once only at each of these growth stages showed reductions in 011 yield of 13, 42, 35 and 10% respectively.”
t0“rust epidemics on the growth and yield of sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
One rust inoculation at seed development reduced sunflower oil yield by 10%.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- inoculated once onlye0
- Interactor
- rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- 011 yielde0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 10%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants inoculated once only at each of these growth stages showed reductions in 011 yield of 13, 42, 35 and 10% respectively.”
t0“rust epidemics on the growth and yield of sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Rust inoculation from the vegetative stage at 10 day intervals reduced oil yield by 85.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- inoculatede0
- Interactor
- rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- oil yielde0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 85e0
- Qualifier
- 10e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When plants were inoculated at the vegetative stage and thereafter at 10, 20 and 40 day intervals, the reductions in oil yield were 85, 79 and 64% respectively relative to uninoculated controls.”
t0“rust epidemics on the growth and yield of sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Rust inoculation from the vegetative stage at 20 day intervals reduced oil yield by 79.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- inoculatede0
- Interactor
- rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- oil yielde0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 79e0
- Qualifier
- 20e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When plants were inoculated at the vegetative stage and thereafter at 10, 20 and 40 day intervals, the reductions in oil yield were 85, 79 and 64% respectively relative to uninoculated controls.”
t0“rust epidemics on the growth and yield of sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Rust inoculation from the vegetative stage at 40 day intervals reduced oil yield by 64%.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- inoculatede0
- Interactor
- rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- oil yielde0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 64%e0
- Qualifier
- 40e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When plants were inoculated at the vegetative stage and thereafter at 10, 20 and 40 day intervals, the reductions in oil yield were 85, 79 and 64% respectively relative to uninoculated controls.”
t0“rust epidemics on the growth and yield of sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Rust infection reduced seeds produced per head and individual seed weight.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- infected plantse0
- Interactor
- rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- number of seeds produced per head, the weight of individual seedse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction in oil yield of infected plants was caused by a reduction in the number of seeds produced per head, the weight of individual seeds and the percentage oil content of seeds.”
t0“rust epidemics on the growth and yield of sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Rust infection reduced seed oil content.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- infected plantse0
- Interactor
- rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- percentage oil content of seedse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction in oil yield of infected plants was caused by a reduction in the number of seeds produced per head, the weight of individual seeds and the percentage oil content of seeds.”
t0“rust epidemics on the growth and yield of sunflower”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.