Abstract
An emerging topic in plant biology is whether plants display analogous elements of mammalian programmed cell death during development and defense against pathogen attack. In many plant-pathogen interactions, plant cell death occurs in both susceptible and resistant host responses. For example, specific recognition responses in plants trigger formation of the hypersensitive response and activation of host defense mechanisms, resulting in restriction of pathogen growth and disease development. Several studies indicate that cell death during hypersensitive response involves activation of a plant-encoded pathway for cell death. Many susceptible interactions also result in host cell death, although it is not clear how or if the host participates in this response. We have generated transgenic tobacco plants to express animal genes that negatively regulate apoptosis. Plants expressing human Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl, nematode CED-9, or baculovirus Op-IAP transgenes conferred heritable resistance to several necrotrophic fungal pathogens, suggesting that disease development required host-cell death pathways. In addition, the transgenic tobacco plants displayed resistance to a necrogenic virus. Transgenic tobacco harboring Bcl-xl with a loss-of-function mutation did not protect against pathogen challenge. We also show that discrete DNA fragmentation (laddering) occurred in susceptible tobacco during fungal infection, but does not occur in transgenic-resistant plants. Our data indicate that in compatible plant-pathogen interactions apoptosis-like programmed cell death occurs. Further, these animal antiapoptotic genes function in plants and should be useful to delineate resistance pathways. These genes also have the potential to generate effective disease resistance in economically important crops.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco plants expressing human Bcl-2 showed heritable resistance to necrotrophic fungal pathogens.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume1 - Treatment
- transgenese2
- Interactor
- necrotrophic fungal pathogense2pathogen
- Gene
- human Bcl-2e2
- Outcome
- resistance to several necrotrophic fungal pathogense2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We have generated transgenic tobacco plants to express animal genes that negatively regulate apoptosis”
e2“Plants expressing human Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl, nematode CED-9, or baculovirus Op-IAP transgenes conferred heritable resistance to several necrotrophic fungal pathogens”
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco plants expressing Bcl-xl showed heritable resistance to necrotrophic fungal pathogens.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- transgenese2
- Interactor
- necrotrophic fungal pathogense2pathogen
- Gene
- Bcl-xle2
- Outcome
- resistance to several necrotrophic fungal pathogense2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We have generated transgenic tobacco plants to express animal genes that negatively regulate apoptosis”
e2“Plants expressing human Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl, nematode CED-9, or baculovirus Op-IAP transgenes conferred heritable resistance to several necrotrophic fungal pathogens”
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco plants expressing nematode CED-9 showed heritable resistance to necrotrophic fungal pathogens.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- transgenese2
- Interactor
- necrotrophic fungal pathogense2pathogen
- Gene
- nematode CED-9e2
- Outcome
- resistance to several necrotrophic fungal pathogense2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We have generated transgenic tobacco plants to express animal genes that negatively regulate apoptosis”
e2“Plants expressing human Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl, nematode CED-9, or baculovirus Op-IAP transgenes conferred heritable resistance to several necrotrophic fungal pathogens”
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco plants expressing baculovirus Op-IAP showed heritable resistance to necrotrophic fungal pathogens.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- transgenese2
- Interactor
- necrotrophic fungal pathogense2pathogen
- Gene
- baculovirus Op-IAPe2
- Outcome
- resistance to several necrotrophic fungal pathogense2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We have generated transgenic tobacco plants to express animal genes that negatively regulate apoptosis”
e2“Plants expressing human Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl, nematode CED-9, or baculovirus Op-IAP transgenes conferred heritable resistance to several necrotrophic fungal pathogens”
Claim · model-written summary
Transgenic tobacco plants displayed resistance to a necrogenic virus.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- transgenice3
- Interactor
- necrogenic viruse3pathogen
- Outcome
- resistance to a necrogenic viruse3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We have generated transgenic tobacco plants to express animal genes that negatively regulate apoptosis”
e3“the transgenic tobacco plants displayed resistance to a necrogenic virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco harboring Bcl-xl with a loss-of-function mutation did not protect against pathogen challenge.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Treatment
- loss-of-function mutatione2
- Gene
- Bcl-xle2
- Outcome
- protect against pathogen challengee2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Transgenic tobacco harboring Bcl-xl with a loss-of-function mutation did not protect against pathogen challenge”
Claim · model-written summary
DNA laddering occurred in susceptible tobacco during fungal infection but not in transgenic-resistant plants.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Outcome
- discrete DNA fragmentation (laddering)e2
- Qualifier
- during fungal infectione2
- Comparator
- transgenic-resistant plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We have generated transgenic tobacco plants to express animal genes that negatively regulate apoptosis”
e2“discrete DNA fragmentation (laddering) occurred in susceptible tobacco during fungal infection, but does not occur in transgenic-resistant plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Apoptosis-like programmed cell death occurs in compatible plant-pathogen interactions.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Outcome
- apoptosis-like programmed cell deathe2
- Qualifier
- in compatible plant-pathogen interactionse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We have generated transgenic tobacco plants to express animal genes that negatively regulate apoptosis”
e2“Our data indicate that in compatible plant-pathogen interactions apoptosis-like programmed cell death occurs”
The same questions in other papers
transgenic · disease · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
33 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
42 papers more in this group
See all 46 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.