Abstract
Abstract The selective control of perennial weeds in cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) with soil applied herbicides has been difficult to achieve with currently available chemicals. Also, the long‐term use of the dinitroaniline herbicides in cotton has resulted in a shifting of the weed spectrum to species which are resistant to these herbicides. New herbicides are needed to control these weed problems. The purpose of this study was to evaluate fluridone {l‐methyl‐3‐phenyl‐5‐[3‐trifluoromethyl)phenyl] ‐4(l H )‐pyridinone}, a newly developed soil applied herbicide, for effectiveness in the control of various annual and perennial weeds found in cotton. Fluridone, at several rates, was applied preplant incorporated or preemergence to Miller clay, a fine, mixed thermic vertic Haplustolls, and Lufkin fine sandy loam, a fine montmorillonitic, thermic vertic Albaqualfs, in the springs of 1976, 1977, and 1978 and in the fall of 1977. Weed control evaluations in cotton were made periodically after application. Spring applications of 0.45 kg/ha or higher effectively controlled broadleaf weeds for the growing season. Fluridone at 0.45 and 0.90 kg/ha effectively controlled rhizome johnsongrass [ Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.] 2 of 3 years evaluated. Season‐long control of yellow nutsedge ( Cyperus esculentus L.) in a sandy loam soil was observed with preplant incorporated and preemergence rates of 0.90 kg/ha. Phytotoxic effects of fluridone residue were noted in a sandy loam soil one year after treatment but these effects were not as evident in the clay soil. Fluridone applied in the fall provided variable weed control the following spring depending upon soil type, weed density, and weed species present. Incorporation of the fall treatments increased the effectiveness of fluridone on annual grasses in the sandy loam soil. These experiments determined that fluridone could effectively control yellow nutsedge, rhizome johnsongrass, and many annual weeds in cotton at rates above 0.45 kg/ha but the residue of this treatment may limit the use of rotational crops the following year.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Spring applications of fluridone at 0.45 kg/ha or higher effectively controlled broadleaf weeds in cotton for the growing season.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Treatment
- Spring applications of 0.45 kg/ha or highere1
- Interactor
- broadleaf weedse1weed
- Outcome
- broadleaf weedse1
- Direction
- effectively controllede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
e1“Spring applications of 0.45 kg/ha or higher effectively controlled broadleaf weeds for the growing season”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone at 0.45 and 0.90 kg/ha effectively controlled rhizome johnsongrass in cotton in 2 of 3 years evaluated.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Fluridone at 0.45 and 0.90 kg/hae1
- Interactor
- rhizome johnsongrasse1weed
- Outcome
- rhizome johnsongrasse1
- Direction
- effectively controllede1
- Qualifier
- 2 of 3 years evaluatede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
e1“Fluridone at 0.45 and 0.90 kg/ha effectively controlled rhizome johnsongrass [ Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.] 2 of 3 years evaluated”
Claim · model-written summary
Season-long control of yellow nutsedge in a sandy loam soil was observed with preplant incorporated and preemergence fluridone at 0.90 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- preplant incorporated and preemergence rates of 0.90 kg/hae1
- Interactor
- yellow nutsedgee1weed
- Outcome
- Season‐long control of yellow nutsedgee1
- Setting
- sandy loam soile1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
e1“Season‐long control of yellow nutsedge ( Cyperus esculentus L.) in a sandy loam soil was observed with preplant incorporated and preemergence rates of 0.90 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytotoxic effects of fluridone residue were noted in a sandy loam soil one year after treatment but were not as evident in the clay soil.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Phytotoxic effects of fluridone residue were noted in a sandy loam soil one year after treatment but these effects were not as evident in the clay soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone applied in the fall gave variable weed control the following spring, depending on soil type, weed density and weed species.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Fluridone applied in the falle1
- Outcome
- weed controle1
- Direction
- variablee1
- Qualifier
- depending upon soil type, weed density, and weed species presente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
e1“Fluridone applied in the fall provided variable weed control the following spring depending upon soil type, weed density, and weed species present”
Claim · model-written summary
Incorporation of the fall fluridone treatments increased the effectiveness of fluridone on annual grasses in the sandy loam soil.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Incorporation of the fall treatmentse1
- Interactor
- annual grassese1weed
- Outcome
- effectiveness of fluridone on annual grassese1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Setting
- sandy loam soile1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
e1“Incorporation of the fall treatments increased the effectiveness of fluridone on annual grasses in the sandy loam soil”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that fluridone residue may limit the use of rotational crops the following year.
Verbatim
e0“the residue of this treatment may limit the use of rotational crops the following year”
The same questions in other papers
Fluridone · organism · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
herbicide · control · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
56 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- negative
64 papers more in this group
See all 68 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.