Abstract
For 3 yr, fluridone {1-methyl-3-phenyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4(1 H )-pyridinone} at 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 kg/ha, was applied with or without 0.6 kg/ha of trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro -N,N- dipropyl- p -toluidine) before the preplanting irrigation for cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.). Without trifluralin, fluridone at 0.1 kg/ha controlled less than 60% of annual grasses or redroot pigweed ( Amaranthus retroflexus L.), but the 0.3-kg/ha rate controlled 90%. With trifluralin, fluridone at all rates controlled 98% of these weeds. Fluridone alone controlled 85% or more of black nightshade ( Solanum nigrum L.). Fluridone did not alter cotton stand or yield. Fluridone residues 8 months after treatment reduced growth of several crops and weeds by 75% or more.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone alone at 0.1 kg/ha controlled less than 60% of annual grasses.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume1 - Treatment
- fluridone at 0.1 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- annual grassese0weed
- Outcome
- controlled less than 60% of annual grassese0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- less than 60%e0
- Comparator
- Without trifluraline0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Without trifluralin, fluridone at 0.1 kg/ha controlled less than 60% of annual grasses or redroot pigweed ( Amaranthus retroflexus L.)”
e1“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone alone at 0.1 kg/ha controlled less than 60% of redroot pigweed.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- fluridone at 0.1 kg/hae0
- Interactor
- redroot pigweede0weed
- Outcome
- controlled less than 60% of annual grasses or redroot pigweede0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- less than 60%e0
- Comparator
- Without trifluraline0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Without trifluralin, fluridone at 0.1 kg/ha controlled less than 60% of annual grasses or redroot pigweed ( Amaranthus retroflexus L.)”
e1“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone alone at 0.3 kg/ha controlled 90% of annual grasses.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume2
- Treatment
- 0.3-kg/ha ratee0
- Interactor
- annual grassese1weed
- Outcome
- controlled 90%e0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- 90%e0
- Comparator
- Without trifluraline1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the 0.3-kg/ha rate controlled 90%”
e1“Without trifluralin, fluridone at 0.1 kg/ha controlled less than 60% of annual grasses or redroot pigweed ( Amaranthus retroflexus L.)”
e2“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone alone at 0.3 kg/ha controlled 90% of redroot pigweed.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume2
- Treatment
- 0.3-kg/ha ratee0
- Interactor
- redroot pigweede1weed
- Outcome
- controlled 90%e0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- 90%e0
- Comparator
- Without trifluraline1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the 0.3-kg/ha rate controlled 90%”
e1“Without trifluralin, fluridone at 0.1 kg/ha controlled less than 60% of annual grasses or redroot pigweed ( Amaranthus retroflexus L.)”
e2“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone with trifluralin controlled 98% of annual grasses at all fluridone rates.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume2
- Treatment
- With trifluralin, fluridone at all ratese0
- Interactor
- annual grassese1weed
- Outcome
- controlled 98% of these weedse0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- 98%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With trifluralin, fluridone at all rates controlled 98% of these weeds”
e1“annual grasses or redroot pigweed”
e2“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone with trifluralin controlled 98% of redroot pigweed at all fluridone rates.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume2
- Treatment
- With trifluralin, fluridone at all ratese0
- Interactor
- redroot pigweede1weed
- Outcome
- controlled 98% of these weedse0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- 98%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With trifluralin, fluridone at all rates controlled 98% of these weeds”
e1“annual grasses or redroot pigweed”
e2“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone alone controlled at least 85% of black nightshade.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- Fluridone alonee0
- Interactor
- black nightshade
_Solanum_nigrum_3.jpg?width=60)
Solanum nigrume0weed - Outcome
- controlled 85% or more of black nightshadee0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- 85% or moree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Solanum_nigrum_3.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Fluridone alone controlled 85% or more of black nightshade ( Solanum nigrum L.)”
e1“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone did not alter cotton stand.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Fluridonee0
- Outcome
- cotton stande0
- Direction
- did not altere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fluridone did not alter cotton stand or yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone did not alter cotton yield.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Fluridonee0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- did not altere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fluridone did not alter cotton stand or yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone residues reduced growth of several crops and weeds by at least 75% after eight months.
- Taxon
- cropse0
- Treatment
- Fluridone residuese0
- Outcome
- growth of several crops and weedse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 75% or moree0
- Qualifier
- 8 months after treatmente0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Fluridone residues 8 months after treatment reduced growth of several crops and weeds by 75% or more”
e1“cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
The same questions in other papers
Fluridone · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Fluridone · organism · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
trifluralin · weed · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- positive
11 papers more in this group
See all 15 papers →Fluridone · control · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
8 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.