Abstract
A field experiment was conducted in two consecutive years to find out the efficacy of poultry refuse (PR), mustard oilcake (MOC), and Furadan 5G for the management of root-knot disease (Meloidogyne incognita) of tomato. Soil was treated with PR @ 3 and 5 t/ha, MOC @ 0.3 and 0.6 t/ha 3 weeks before transplanting and Furadan 5G @ 40 kg/ha on the day of transplanting of tomato seedlings. PR @ 3 t/ha and MOC @0.3 t/ha were applied alone and also mixed with Furadan 5G @ 20 kg/ha. The soils of the experimental plots were inoculated with chopped severely galled (M incognita) roots of tomato at the time of treatment application. In both the years, considerable reduction in rootknot disease and increase in plant growth and fruit yield were achieved with different treatments with two organic materials applied alone or mixed with Furadan 5G. The most effective treatment was PR @ 3 t/ha + Furadan 5G @ 20 kg/ha followed by PR alone @ 5 t/ha. Efficacy of PR @ 3 t/ha and MOC @ 0.6 1/ha were also appreciable. In first year and second year, gall index values were 6.50 and 6.27 under control, respectively. The severity was reduced to 2.27-4.00 in first year and 1.73-4.07 in second year due to application of the four treatments. On the other hand, fruit yield under control was 50.9 t/ha at first year and 47.6 t/ha in second year. The highly effective four treatments increased fruit yield to 71.1-82.5 t/ha in first year and 60.8-82.0 t/ha in second year. The fruit yield of tomato was directly and linearly correlated with gall indices in tomato gall. Based on findings of the study PR @ 3 t/ha + Furadan @20 kg/ha and PR alone @ 5 t/ha were noted as effective treatment to manage root-knot disease of tomato. Keywords: Poultry refuse; mustard oilcake; Furadan; Meloidogjyne incognita; tomato. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i3.9275 BJAR 2011; 36(3): 477-486
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Organic amendments and Furadan 5G considerably reduced root-knot disease in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Treatment
- two organic materials applied alone or mixed with Furadan 5Ge3
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognita
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogyne incognitae1pathogen - Outcome
- rootknot diseasee3
- Direction
- reductione3
- Setting
- field experimente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“A field experiment was conducted in two consecutive years to find out the efficacy of poultry refuse (PR), mustard oilcake (MOC), and Furadan 5G for the management of root-knot disease (Meloidogyne incognita) of tomato”
e3“In both the years, considerable reduction in rootknot disease and increase in plant growth and fruit yield were achieved with different treatments with two organic materials applied alone or mixed with Furadan 5G”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic amendments and Furadan 5G increased plant growth in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- two organic materials applied alone or mixed with Furadan 5Ge3
- Outcome
- plant growthe3
- Direction
- increasee3
- Setting
- field experimente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A field experiment was conducted in two consecutive years to find out the efficacy of poultry refuse (PR), mustard oilcake (MOC), and Furadan 5G for the management of root-knot disease (Meloidogyne incognita) of tomato”
e3“In both the years, considerable reduction in rootknot disease and increase in plant growth and fruit yield were achieved with different treatments with two organic materials applied alone or mixed with Furadan 5G”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic amendments and Furadan 5G increased fruit yield of tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- two organic materials applied alone or mixed with Furadan 5Ge3
- Outcome
- fruit yielde3
- Direction
- increasee3
- Setting
- field experimente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A field experiment was conducted in two consecutive years to find out the efficacy of poultry refuse (PR), mustard oilcake (MOC), and Furadan 5G for the management of root-knot disease (Meloidogyne incognita) of tomato”
e3“In both the years, considerable reduction in rootknot disease and increase in plant growth and fruit yield were achieved with different treatments with two organic materials applied alone or mixed with Furadan 5G”
Claim · model-written summary
PR at 3 t/ha + Furadan 5G at 20 kg/ha was the most effective treatment against root-knot nematode in tomato, followed by PR alone at 5 t/ha.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- PR @ 3 t/ha + Furadan 5G @ 20 kg/hae4
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae1pathogen
- Outcome
- most effective treatmente4
- Direction
- most effectivee4
- Comparator
- PR alone @ 5 t/hae4
- Setting
- field experimente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A field experiment was conducted in two consecutive years to find out the efficacy of poultry refuse (PR), mustard oilcake (MOC), and Furadan 5G for the management of root-knot disease (Meloidogyne incognita) of tomato”
e4“The most effective treatment was PR @ 3 t/ha + Furadan 5G @ 20 kg/ha followed by PR alone @ 5 t/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
PR at 3 t/ha was appreciably effective against root-knot nematode in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- PR @ 3 t/hae5
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae1pathogen
- Outcome
- Efficacye5
- Direction
- appreciablee5
- Setting
- field experimente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A field experiment was conducted in two consecutive years to find out the efficacy of poultry refuse (PR), mustard oilcake (MOC), and Furadan 5G for the management of root-knot disease (Meloidogyne incognita) of tomato”
e5“Efficacy of PR @ 3 t/ha and MOC @ 0.6 1/ha were also appreciable”
Claim · model-written summary
MOC at 0.6 1/ha was appreciably effective against root-knot nematode in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- MOC @ 0.6 1/hae5
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae1pathogen
- Outcome
- Efficacye5
- Direction
- appreciablee5
- Setting
- field experimente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A field experiment was conducted in two consecutive years to find out the efficacy of poultry refuse (PR), mustard oilcake (MOC), and Furadan 5G for the management of root-knot disease (Meloidogyne incognita) of tomato”
e5“Efficacy of PR @ 3 t/ha and MOC @ 0.6 1/ha were also appreciable”
Claim · model-written summary
Gall index under control was 6.50 in the first year.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae1pathogen
- Outcome
- gall index valuese2
- Value
- 6.50e2
- Qualifier
- first yeare2
- Comparator
- controle2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A field experiment was conducted in two consecutive years to find out the efficacy of poultry refuse (PR), mustard oilcake (MOC), and Furadan 5G for the management of root-knot disease (Meloidogyne incognita) of tomato”
e2“In first year and second year, gall index values were 6.50 and 6.27 under control, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Gall index under control was 6.27 in the second year.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae1pathogen
- Outcome
- gall index valuese2
- Value
- 6.27e2
- Qualifier
- second yeare2
- Comparator
- controle2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A field experiment was conducted in two consecutive years to find out the efficacy of poultry refuse (PR), mustard oilcake (MOC), and Furadan 5G for the management of root-knot disease (Meloidogyne incognita) of tomato”
e2“In first year and second year, gall index values were 6.50 and 6.27 under control, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Severity was reduced to 2.27-4.00 in the first year by the four treatments compared with control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- application of the four treatmentse6
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae1pathogen
- Outcome
- severitye6
- Direction
- reducede6
- Value
- 2.27-4.00e6
- Qualifier
- first yeare6
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A field experiment was conducted in two consecutive years to find out the efficacy of poultry refuse (PR), mustard oilcake (MOC), and Furadan 5G for the management of root-knot disease (Meloidogyne incognita) of tomato”
e2“In first year and second year, gall index values were 6.50 and 6.27 under control, respectively”
e6“The severity was reduced to 2.27-4.00 in first year and 1.73-4.07 in second year due to application of the four treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Severity was reduced to 1.73-4.07 in the second year by the four treatments compared with control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- application of the four treatmentse6
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae1pathogen
- Outcome
- severitye6
- Direction
- reducede6
- Value
- 1.73-4.07e6
- Qualifier
- second yeare6
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A field experiment was conducted in two consecutive years to find out the efficacy of poultry refuse (PR), mustard oilcake (MOC), and Furadan 5G for the management of root-knot disease (Meloidogyne incognita) of tomato”
e2“In first year and second year, gall index values were 6.50 and 6.27 under control, respectively”
e6“The severity was reduced to 2.27-4.00 in first year and 1.73-4.07 in second year due to application of the four treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit yield under control was 50.9 t/ha in the first year.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- fruit yielde7
- Value
- 50.9 t/hae7
- Qualifier
- first yeare7
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A field experiment was conducted in two consecutive years to find out the efficacy of poultry refuse (PR), mustard oilcake (MOC), and Furadan 5G for the management of root-knot disease (Meloidogyne incognita) of tomato”
e7“On the other hand, fruit yield under control was 50.9 t/ha at first year and 47.6 t/ha in second year”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit yield under control was 47.6 t/ha in the second year.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- fruit yielde7
- Value
- 47.6 t/hae7
- Qualifier
- second yeare7
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A field experiment was conducted in two consecutive years to find out the efficacy of poultry refuse (PR), mustard oilcake (MOC), and Furadan 5G for the management of root-knot disease (Meloidogyne incognita) of tomato”
e7“On the other hand, fruit yield under control was 50.9 t/ha at first year and 47.6 t/ha in second year”
Claim · model-written summary
The four treatments increased fruit yield to 71.1-82.5 t/ha in the first year.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- four treatmentse2
- Outcome
- fruit yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 71.1-82.5 t/hae2
- Qualifier
- first yeare2
- Comparator
- controle7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A field experiment was conducted in two consecutive years to find out the efficacy of poultry refuse (PR), mustard oilcake (MOC), and Furadan 5G for the management of root-knot disease (Meloidogyne incognita) of tomato”
e7“On the other hand, fruit yield under control was 50.9 t/ha at first year and 47.6 t/ha in second year”
e2“The highly effective four treatments increased fruit yield to 71.1-82.5 t/ha in first year and 60.8-82.0 t/ha in second year”
Claim · model-written summary
The four treatments increased fruit yield to 60.8-82.0 t/ha in the second year.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- four treatmentse2
- Outcome
- fruit yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 60.8-82.0 t/hae2
- Qualifier
- second yeare2
- Comparator
- controle7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A field experiment was conducted in two consecutive years to find out the efficacy of poultry refuse (PR), mustard oilcake (MOC), and Furadan 5G for the management of root-knot disease (Meloidogyne incognita) of tomato”
e7“On the other hand, fruit yield under control was 50.9 t/ha at first year and 47.6 t/ha in second year”
e2“The highly effective four treatments increased fruit yield to 71.1-82.5 t/ha in first year and 60.8-82.0 t/ha in second year”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit yield of tomato was directly and linearly correlated with gall indices.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Direction
- directly and linearly correlatede0
- Comparator
- gall indicese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fruit yield of tomato was directly and linearly correlated with gall indices in tomato gall”
Claim · model-written summary
PR at 3 t/ha + Furadan @20 kg/ha is an effective treatment to manage root-knot disease of tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- PR @ 3 t/ha + Furadan @20 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- effective treatment to manage root-knot diseasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Based on findings of the study PR @ 3 t/ha + Furadan @20 kg/ha and PR alone @ 5 t/ha were noted as effective treatment to manage root-knot disease of tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
PR alone at 5 t/ha is an effective treatment to manage root-knot disease of tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- PR alone @ 5 t/hae0
- Outcome
- effective treatment to manage root-knot diseasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Based on findings of the study PR @ 3 t/ha + Furadan @20 kg/ha and PR alone @ 5 t/ha were noted as effective treatment to manage root-knot disease of tomato”
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