Abstract
Studies were conducted in a screenhouse to determine the interaction of rice residue as mulch (0, 3, and 6 t ha −1 ) and herbicides (nontreated, oxadiazon at 0.5 and 1.0 kg ai ha −1 , and pendimethalin at 1.0 and 2.0 kg ai ha −1 ) on seedling emergence and biomass of barnyardgrass, crowfootgrass, junglerice, and rice flatsedge. Regardless of the residue amount, crowfootgrass and junglerice were effectively controlled by all herbicide treatments. No seedlings of these weed species escaped the herbicides when applied in the presence of residue cover. There was no survival of barnyardgrass seedlings when both herbicides were applied on bare soil (without residue cover); however, some seedlings survived oxadiazon and pendimethalin when applied in the presence of residue cover. For rice flatsedge, the herbicide applications in the presence of residue cover resulted in lower weed control than in the absence of residue. These results suggest that some weed species can escape the application of PRE herbicides in conservation agriculture systems in which residue can bind soil-applied herbicides and result in lower efficacy.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
All herbicide treatments controlled crowfootgrass regardless of residue amount.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- all herbicide treatmentse0
- Interactor
- crowfootgrasse0weed
- Outcome
- crowfootgrasse0
- Direction
- effectively controllede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Regardless of the residue amount, crowfootgrass and junglerice were effectively controlled by all herbicide treatments”
t0“Rice Residue”
Claim · model-written summary
All herbicide treatments controlled junglerice regardless of residue amount.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- all herbicide treatmentse0
- Interactor
- junglerice
Echinochloa colonae0weed - Outcome
- junglericee0
- Direction
- effectively controllede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Regardless of the residue amount, crowfootgrass and junglerice were effectively controlled by all herbicide treatments”
t0“Rice Residue”
Claim · model-written summary
No crowfootgrass or junglerice seedlings escaped herbicides in residue cover.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- herbicidese0
- Interactor
- crowfootgrasse1weed
- Outcome
- No seedlings of these weed species escaped the herbicidese0
- Qualifier
- residue covere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No seedlings of these weed species escaped the herbicides when applied in the presence of residue cover”
e1“crowfootgrass and junglerice”
t0“Rice Residue”
Claim · model-written summary
Barnyardgrass seedlings did not survive either herbicide on bare soil.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- both herbicidese0
- Interactor
- barnyardgrass
Echinochloa crus-gallie0weed - Outcome
- no survival of barnyardgrass seedlingse0
- Qualifier
- bare soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no survival of barnyardgrass seedlings when both herbicides were applied on bare soil (without residue cover)”
t0“Rice Residue”
Claim · model-written summary
Some barnyardgrass seedlings survived oxadiazon under residue cover.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- oxadiazone0
- Interactor
- barnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallie1weed
- Outcome
- some seedlings survivede0
- Qualifier
- residue covere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“some seedlings survived oxadiazon and pendimethalin when applied in the presence of residue cover”
e1“barnyardgrass seedlings”
t0“Rice Residue”
Claim · model-written summary
Some barnyardgrass seedlings survived pendimethalin under residue cover.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- pendimethaline0
- Interactor
- barnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallie1weed
- Outcome
- some seedlings survivede0
- Qualifier
- residue covere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“some seedlings survived oxadiazon and pendimethalin when applied in the presence of residue cover”
e1“barnyardgrass seedlings”
t0“Rice Residue”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice flatsedge control by herbicides was lower with residue than without.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- herbicide applications in the presence of residue covere0
- Interactor
- rice flatsedgee0weed
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- absence of residuee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For rice flatsedge, the herbicide applications in the presence of residue cover resulted in lower weed control than in the absence of residue”
t0“Rice Residue”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that some weeds can escape PRE herbicides in residue-based conservation agriculture.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- weed speciese0weed
- Outcome
- some weed species can escape the application of PRE herbicidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“some weed species can escape the application of PRE herbicides in conservation agriculture systems in which residue can bind soil-applied herbicides and result in lower efficacy”
t0“Rice Residue”
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