Abstract
The atmospheric carbon dioxide level has increased and is predicted to continue increasing, which may affect various aspects of plant growth. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of doubling the carbon dioxide level on the growth and physiological activities of a widely utilized cool-season turfgrass species, creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L. 'Penncross'). 'Penncross' plants were established in fritted clay medium and maintained under well-irrigated and well-fertilized conditions in growth chambers. The plants were exposed to either ambient carbon dioxide concentrations (400±10 µmol L(-1)) or elevated carbon dioxide concentrations (800±10 µmol L(-1)) for 12 weeks. Plants grown under elevated carbon dioxide displayed a significantly faster growth rate of their lateral stems (stolons) and increased shoot and root dry weight but a reduced specific leaf area compared to those plants at ambient carbon dioxide levels. Fast stolon growth is a highly desirable trait for turfgrass establishment and recovery from physical damage. The root length and surface area were also increased due to the elevated CO2, which may facilitate water uptake and serve critical drought-avoidance roles when irrigation water is limited. Elevated carbon dioxide caused an increase in the leaf net photosynthetic rate but a reduction in the stomatal conductance and transpiration rate, contributing to improved water use efficiency in creeping bentgrass. Efficient water use is especially important for turfgrass plant survival when irrigation water is limited. Our results suggested that cool-season turfgrass species may greatly benefit from increasingly elevated carbon dioxide concentrations via growth promotion and increasing water use efficiency.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated carbon dioxide significantly accelerated stolon growth.
- Taxon
- creeping bentgrass
Agrostis stoloniferae1 - Treatment
- elevated carbon dioxidee0
- Outcome
- growth rate of their lateral stems (stolons)e0
- Direction
- fastere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants grown under elevated carbon dioxide displayed a significantly faster growth rate of their lateral stems (stolons)”
e1“creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated carbon dioxide increased shoot and root dry weight.
- Taxon
- creeping bentgrassAgrostis stoloniferae1
- Outcome
- shoot and root dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- ambient carbon dioxide levelse0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased shoot and root dry weight but a reduced specific leaf area compared to those plants at ambient carbon dioxide levels.”
e1“creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated carbon dioxide reduced specific leaf area relative to ambient carbon dioxide.
- Taxon
- creeping bentgrassAgrostis stoloniferae1
- Outcome
- specific leaf areae0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- ambient carbon dioxide levelse0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased shoot and root dry weight but a reduced specific leaf area compared to those plants at ambient carbon dioxide levels.”
e1“creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated carbon dioxide increased root length and surface area.
- Taxon
- creeping bentgrassAgrostis stoloniferae1
- Treatment
- elevated CO2e0
- Outcome
- root length and surface areae0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The root length and surface area were also increased due to the elevated CO2”
e1“creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated carbon dioxide increased leaf net photosynthetic rate.
- Taxon
- creeping bentgrassAgrostis stoloniferae1
- Treatment
- Elevated carbon dioxidee0
- Outcome
- leaf net photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated carbon dioxide caused an increase in the leaf net photosynthetic rate”
e1“creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated carbon dioxide reduced stomatal conductance and transpiration rate.
- Taxon
- creeping bentgrassAgrostis stoloniferae1
- Outcome
- stomatal conductance and transpiration ratee0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a reduction in the stomatal conductance and transpiration rate”
e1“creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated carbon dioxide improved water use efficiency.
- Taxon
- creeping bentgrassAgrostis stoloniferae1
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“contributing to improved water use efficiency in creeping bentgrass.”
e1“creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.”
The same questions in other papers
co2 · growth · Agrostis stolonifera (creeping bent grass)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
co2 · physiology: photosynthesis · Agrostis stolonifera (creeping bent grass)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.