Abstract
Management of dollar spot (incited by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa) on golf course fairways is increasingly challenging. The objectives of this study were to determine the influence of mowing frequency and plant growth regulators (PGRs) on dollar spot severity and on the residual efficacy of fungicides for control of dollar spot. Two 4-month-long studies were conducted on ‘Putter’ creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) maintained as a fairway at the University of Connecticut. Treatments were arranged in a three-by-three-by-five factorial that assessed the influence of mowing frequency (2, 4, or 6 days week –1 ) and PGRs (paclobutrazol, trinexapac-ethyl, or none) on dollar spot control by five fungicide treatments (boscalid, chlorothalonil, iprodione, propiconazole, or none). Turf was mowed in the afternoon hours to minimize the confounding effect of mowing frequency on leaf wetness duration. Treatments were initiated in the late spring of 2007 and 2008, and each fungicide treatment was reapplied only when dollar spot exceeded a threshold of five infection centers plot –1 . In the absence of fungicides, dollar spot severity was reduced by 63 to 90% in plots treated with paclobutrazol and by 13 to 55% in plots treated with trinexapac-ethyl. Dollar spot severity was 23 to 50% lower in plots mown 2 days week –1 compared with those mown 6 days week –1 . In cases where a significant interaction was observed between mowing frequency and PGRs, dollar spot was reduced on most rating dates in plots treated with trinexapacethyl that were mown 2 days week –1 compared with those mown 6 days week –1 . Survival analysis of days until threshold was met revealed that duration of control of fungicides in plots receiving paclobutrazol were 28 to 84% longer compared with plots not receiving PGR. Duration of control by fungicides was generally similar between plots treated with trinexapac-ethyl and no PGR. In general, mowing frequency did not influence duration of control. Results from this study indicate that paclobutrazol could be used to increase the treatment interval of fungicides and that mowing frequency in the absence of dew is likely to have little influence on fungicide residual efficacy. When used without fungicides, PGRs and less frequent mowing may reduce dollar spot in situations where fungicide use is limited.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Dollar spot response to paclobutrazol.
- Taxon
- Agrostis stolonifera
Agrostis stoloniferat0 - Treatment
- paclobutrazole0
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia homoeocarpa
Clarireedia homoeocarpae1pathogen - Outcome
- dollar spot severitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 63 to 90%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the absence of fungicides, dollar spot severity was reduced by 63 to 90% in plots treated with paclobutrazol”
e1“Management of dollar spot (incited by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa) on golf course fairways is increasingly challenging.”
t0“‘Putter’ creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)”
Claim · model-written summary
Dollar spot response to trinexapac-ethyl.
- Taxon
- Agrostis stoloniferaAgrostis stoloniferat0
- Treatment
- trinexapac-ethyle0
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia homoeocarpaClarireedia homoeocarpae1pathogen
- Outcome
- dollar spot severitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 13 to 55%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the absence of fungicides, dollar spot severity was reduced by 63 to 90% in plots treated with paclobutrazol and by 13 to 55% in plots treated with trinexapac-ethyl”
e1“Management of dollar spot (incited by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa) on golf course fairways is increasingly challenging.”
t0“‘Putter’ creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)”
Claim · model-written summary
Dollar spot response to mown 2 days week –1.
- Taxon
- Agrostis stoloniferaAgrostis stoloniferat0
- Treatment
- mown 2 days week –1e0
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia homoeocarpaClarireedia homoeocarpae1pathogen
- Outcome
- dollar spot severitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 23 to 50%e0
- Comparator
- those mown 6 days week –1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dollar spot severity was 23 to 50% lower in plots mown 2 days week –1 compared with those mown 6 days week –1”
e1“Management of dollar spot (incited by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa) on golf course fairways is increasingly challenging.”
t0“‘Putter’ creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)”
Claim · model-written summary
Dollar spot response to trinexapacethyl that were mown 2 days week –1.
- Taxon
- Agrostis stoloniferaAgrostis stoloniferat0
- Treatment
- trinexapacethyl that were mown 2 days week –1e0
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia homoeocarpaClarireedia homoeocarpae1pathogen
- Outcome
- dollar spote0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- those mown 6 days week –1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dollar spot was reduced on most rating dates in plots treated with trinexapacethyl that were mown 2 days week –1 compared with those mown 6 days week –1”
e1“Management of dollar spot (incited by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa) on golf course fairways is increasingly challenging.”
t0“‘Putter’ creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)”
Claim · model-written summary
Dollar spot response to paclobutrazol.
- Taxon
- Agrostis stoloniferaAgrostis stoloniferat0
- Treatment
- paclobutrazole0
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia homoeocarpaClarireedia homoeocarpae1pathogen
- Outcome
- duration of controle0
- Direction
- longere0
- Value
- 28 to 84%e0
- Comparator
- plots not receiving PGRe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“duration of control of fungicides in plots receiving paclobutrazol were 28 to 84% longer compared with plots not receiving PGR”
e1“Management of dollar spot (incited by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa) on golf course fairways is increasingly challenging.”
t0“‘Putter’ creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)”
Claim · model-written summary
Dollar spot response to trinexapac-ethyl.
- Taxon
- Agrostis stoloniferaAgrostis stoloniferat0
- Treatment
- trinexapac-ethyle0
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia homoeocarpaClarireedia homoeocarpae1pathogen
- Outcome
- duration of controle0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- no PGRe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Duration of control by fungicides was generally similar between plots treated with trinexapac-ethyl and no PGR”
e1“Management of dollar spot (incited by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa) on golf course fairways is increasingly challenging.”
t0“‘Putter’ creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)”
Claim · model-written summary
Dollar spot response to mowing frequency.
- Taxon
- Agrostis stoloniferaAgrostis stoloniferat0
- Treatment
- mowing frequencye0
- Interactor
- Sclerotinia homoeocarpaClarireedia homoeocarpae1pathogen
- Outcome
- duration of controle0
- Direction
- did not influencee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In general, mowing frequency did not influence duration of control”
e1“Management of dollar spot (incited by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa) on golf course fairways is increasingly challenging.”
t0“‘Putter’ creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)”
Claim · model-written summary
Paclobutrazol could lengthen fungicide treatment intervals.
- Taxon
- Agrostis stoloniferaAgrostis stoloniferat0
- Treatment
- paclobutrazole0
- Outcome
- increase the treatment interval of fungicidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“paclobutrazol could be used to increase the treatment interval of fungicides”
t0“‘Putter’ creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mowing frequency without dew likely has little influence on fungicide residual efficacy.
- Taxon
- Agrostis stoloniferaAgrostis stoloniferat0
- Treatment
- mowing frequencye0
- Outcome
- little influence on fungicide residual efficacye0
- Qualifier
- in the absence of dewe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mowing frequency in the absence of dew is likely to have little influence on fungicide residual efficacy”
t0“‘Putter’ creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)”
Claim · model-written summary
PGRs without fungicides may reduce dollar spot.
- Taxon
- Agrostis stoloniferaAgrostis stoloniferat0
- Treatment
- PGRse0
- Outcome
- reduce dollar spote0
- Qualifier
- situations where fungicide use is limitede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When used without fungicides, PGRs and less frequent mowing may reduce dollar spot in situations where fungicide use is limited”
t0“‘Putter’ creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)”
Claim · model-written summary
Less frequent mowing without fungicides may reduce dollar spot.
- Taxon
- Agrostis stoloniferaAgrostis stoloniferat0
- Treatment
- less frequent mowinge0
- Outcome
- reduce dollar spote0
- Qualifier
- situations where fungicide use is limitede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When used without fungicides, PGRs and less frequent mowing may reduce dollar spot in situations where fungicide use is limited”
t0“‘Putter’ creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)”
The same questions in other papers
trinexapac-ethyl · Clarireedia homoeocarpa · Agrostis stolonifera (creeping bent grass)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
pruning · Clarireedia homoeocarpa · Agrostis stolonifera (creeping bent grass)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.