Abstract
Plants of the myco-heterotrophic Burmannia tenella Benth. form star-shaped root systems consisting of 0.7-2 mm thick, succulent, brittle roots, reaching lengths of up to 3 cm. In cross section the roots consist of an epidermis, about 10 layers of parenchymatous cortex cells, an endodermis with U-shaped secondary cell wall depositions, and a very reduced central cylinder with two to five central xylem elements and two opposite phloem strands, surrounded by a pericycle of relatively large cells. Based on the thick, aseptate, intracellularly coiled hyphae, arbuscules, and the frequent vesicles, the fungal association of B. tenella is considered to be a Paris-type arbuscular mycorrhiza. The morphological and anatomical structures of the root are discussed in the context of the mycorrhizal dependency of B. tenella. In some root samples, a second fungus with septate hyphae colonized the cortex intracellularly. This fungus restricts the spread of the aseptate symbiont without causing morphological changes to the cortex cells.Key words: Burmanniaceae, root morphology, root anatomy, arbuscular mycorrhiza, myco-heterotrophy, neotropical.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Burmannia tenella forms star-shaped root systems.
- Taxon
- Burmannia tenellaBurmannia tenellae1
- Organ / stage
- root systemse2
- Outcome
- star-shaped root systemse2
Verbatim
e1“Plants of the myco-heterotrophic Burmannia tenella Benth.”
e2“form star-shaped root systems consisting of 0.7-2 mm thick, succulent, brittle roots, reaching lengths of up to 3 cm”
Claim · model-written summary
Roots of Burmannia tenella are succulent and 0.7-2 mm thick.
- Taxon
- Burmannia tenellaBurmannia tenellae1
- Organ / stage
- rootse2
- Outcome
- thicke2
- Value
- 0.7-2 mme2
Verbatim
e1“Plants of the myco-heterotrophic Burmannia tenella Benth.”
e2“form star-shaped root systems consisting of 0.7-2 mm thick, succulent, brittle roots, reaching lengths of up to 3 cm”
Claim · model-written summary
Roots of Burmannia tenella reach lengths of up to 3 cm.
- Taxon
- Burmannia tenellaBurmannia tenellae1
- Organ / stage
- rootse2
- Outcome
- lengthse2
- Value
- up to 3 cme2
Verbatim
e1“Plants of the myco-heterotrophic Burmannia tenella Benth.”
e2“form star-shaped root systems consisting of 0.7-2 mm thick, succulent, brittle roots, reaching lengths of up to 3 cm”
Claim · model-written summary
Burmannia tenella root cortex consists of about 10 layers of parenchymatous cells.
- Taxon
- Burmannia tenellaBurmannia tenellae1
- Organ / stage
- cortex cellse3
- Outcome
- layerse3
- Value
- about 10 layerse3
Verbatim
e1“Plants of the myco-heterotrophic Burmannia tenella Benth.”
e3“In cross section the roots consist of an epidermis, about 10 layers of parenchymatous cortex cells”
Claim · model-written summary
The fungal association of Burmannia tenella is considered a Paris-type arbuscular mycorrhiza.
- Taxon
- B. tenellaBurmannia tenellae4
- Outcome
- fungal associatione4
- Value
- Paris-type arbuscular mycorrhizae4
Verbatim
e4“Based on the thick, aseptate, intracellularly coiled hyphae, arbuscules, and the frequent vesicles, the fungal association of B. tenella is considered to be a Paris-type arbuscular mycorrhiza”
Claim · model-written summary
In some root samples, a second fungus with septate hyphae colonized the root cortex intracellularly.
- Taxon
- Burmannia tenellaBurmannia tenellae1
- Organ / stage
- cortexe5
- Interactor
- a second fungus with septate hyphaee5other
- Outcome
- colonized the cortexe5
Verbatim
e1“Plants of the myco-heterotrophic Burmannia tenella Benth.”
e5“In some root samples, a second fungus with septate hyphae colonized the cortex intracellularly”
Claim · model-written summary
The second fungus restricts the spread of the aseptate mycorrhizal symbiont in Burmannia tenella roots.
- Taxon
- Burmannia tenellaBurmannia tenellae1
- Interactor
- aseptate symbionte6symbiont
- Outcome
- spreade6
- Direction
- restrictse6
Verbatim
e1“Plants of the myco-heterotrophic Burmannia tenella Benth.”
e6“This fungus restricts the spread of the aseptate symbiont without causing morphological changes to the cortex cells”
Claim · model-written summary
The second fungus caused no morphological changes to the cortex cells of Burmannia tenella.
- Taxon
- Burmannia tenellaBurmannia tenellae1
- Outcome
- morphological changes to the cortex cellse6
Verbatim
e1“Plants of the myco-heterotrophic Burmannia tenella Benth.”
e6“This fungus restricts the spread of the aseptate symbiont without causing morphological changes to the cortex cells”