Abstract
The Effect of Organic Amendments from Brassicaceae and Solanaceae Plants and Trichoderma harzianum on the Development of Verticillium dahliae Kleb. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of plant material from Brassicaceae and Solanaceae plants, containing biologically active compounds, and antagonistic microorganisms on survival of microsclerotia and development of Verticillium wilt of eggplant. Water extracts from tomato and rapeseed plants added to the agar media showed negative effect on the development of fungus Verticillium dahliae. The most toxic effect was observed for the fresh extract from tomato green parts. The pasteurization or sterilization of extracts in an autoclave decreased their detrimental effect. The addition of water extracts from rapeseed and tomato plants also hampered growth of mycelia and development of V. dahliae microsclerotia on Czapek-Dox medium with cellophane. The addition of rapeseed meal, water extracts from rapeseed meal or tomato plants, significantly decreased number of V. dahliae propagules in the soil. Also, the inoculation of soil with antagonistic fungus Trichoderma harzianum strain PBG decreased population of V. dahliae in soil samples. The plant material and T. harzianum strain PBG had positive effect on the growth and yield of eggplants in the soil infested with microsclerotia of V. dahliae. However, the most beneficial effect exerted fumigation of the infested soil with Nemazin 97 XX (97% dazomet), used in this experiment as a reference treatment.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Water extracts from tomato and rapeseed plants had a negative effect on the development of V. dahliae on agar.
- Taxon
- eggplant
Solanum melongenae0 - Treatment
- Water extracts from tomato and rapeseed plantse1
- Interactor
- Verticillium dahliae
Verticillium dahliaee1pathogen - Outcome
- development of fungus Verticillium dahliaee1
- Direction
- negative effecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Verticillium wilt of eggplant”
e1“Water extracts from tomato and rapeseed plants added to the agar media showed negative effect on the development of fungus Verticillium dahliae”
Claim · model-written summary
The fresh extract from tomato green parts had the most toxic effect on V. dahliae.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Treatment
- fresh extract from tomato green partse2
- Outcome
- toxic effecte2
- Direction
- most toxice2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Verticillium wilt of eggplant”
e2“The most toxic effect was observed for the fresh extract from tomato green parts”
Claim · model-written summary
Pasteurization or sterilization of the extracts decreased their detrimental effect.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Treatment
- pasteurization or sterilization of extracts in an autoclavee3
- Outcome
- detrimental effecte3
- Direction
- decreasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Verticillium wilt of eggplant”
e3“The pasteurization or sterilization of extracts in an autoclave decreased their detrimental effect”
Claim · model-written summary
Water extracts from rapeseed and tomato plants hampered mycelial growth and microsclerotia development of V. dahliae on Czapek-Dox medium with cellophane.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Treatment
- water extracts from rapeseed and tomato plantse4
- Interactor
- V. dahliaeVerticillium dahliaee4pathogen
- Outcome
- growth of mycelia and development of V. dahliae microsclerotiae4
- Direction
- hamperede4
- Setting
- Czapek-Dox medium with cellophanee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Verticillium wilt of eggplant”
e4“The addition of water extracts from rapeseed and tomato plants also hampered growth of mycelia and development of V. dahliae microsclerotia on Czapek-Dox medium with cellophane”
Claim · model-written summary
Rapeseed meal and water extracts of rapeseed meal or tomato plants significantly decreased the number of V. dahliae propagules in soil.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Treatment
- rapeseed meal, water extracts from rapeseed meal or tomato plantse5
- Interactor
- V. dahliaeVerticillium dahliaee5pathogen
- Outcome
- number of V. dahliae propagules in the soile5
- Direction
- decreasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Verticillium wilt of eggplant”
e5“The addition of rapeseed meal, water extracts from rapeseed meal or tomato plants, significantly decreased number of V. dahliae propagules in the soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation of soil with Trichoderma harzianum strain PBG decreased V. dahliae population in soil samples.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Treatment
- inoculation of soil with antagonistic fungus Trichoderma harzianum strain PBGe6
- Interactor
- V. dahliaeVerticillium dahliaee6pathogen
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma harzianum strain PBG
Trichoderma harzianume6biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- population of V. dahliae in soil samplese6
- Direction
- decreasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Verticillium wilt of eggplant”
e6“the inoculation of soil with antagonistic fungus Trichoderma harzianum strain PBG decreased population of V. dahliae in soil samples”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant material and Trichoderma harzianum strain PBG had a positive effect on growth and yield of eggplants in soil infested with V. dahliae microsclerotia.
- Taxon
- eggplantsSolanum melongenae7
- Treatment
- plant material and T. harzianum strain PBGe7
- Interactor
- V. dahliaeVerticillium dahliaee7pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. harzianum strain PBGTrichoderma harzianume7biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- growth and yield of eggplantse7
- Direction
- positive effecte7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“The plant material and T. harzianum strain PBG had positive effect on the growth and yield of eggplants in the soil infested with microsclerotia of V. dahliae”
Claim · model-written summary
Fumigation of the infested soil with Nemazin 97 XX (97% dazomet) had the most beneficial effect on eggplant.
- Taxon
- eggplantSolanum melongenae0
- Treatment
- fumigation of the infested soil with Nemazin 97 XX (97% dazomet)e4
- Outcome
- beneficial effecte4
- Direction
- most beneficiale4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Verticillium wilt of eggplant”
e4“However, the most beneficial effect exerted fumigation of the infested soil with Nemazin 97 XX (97% dazomet), used in this experiment as a reference treatment”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.