Abstract
To understand the suppression mechanisms against disease resistance in rice, we took advantage of the fact that suspension cultured cells exhibit many of the defence responses that are characteristic of intact tissues. In this study we constitutively measured the Rhizoctonia solani and Sarocladium oryzae toxins, induced and suppressed levels of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, phenols, catalase, β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase in rice suspension cultured cells. The addition of Rhizoctonia solani and Sarocladium oryzae toxins separately in suspension cultured cells shows the suppression of defence enzymes and compounds at 24 h and 48 h respectively except SOD. The rice cultivar IR50 delays the disease suppression effect when compared to the other cultivars viz., Pusa Basmati and Co 43. The PR proteins (namely β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase) activities in rice suspension cultured cells were reduced during 48 h and 72 h after the addition of Rhizoctonia solani toxin, whereas the activities were suppressed only after 72 h when inoculated with Sarocladium oryzae toxin. Selective suppression of these defence enzymes and compounds by Rhizoctonia solani and Sarocladium oryzae toxin shows that toxins play a major role during pathogenesis in rice cells.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizoctonia solani toxin suppressed defence enzymes and compounds in rice cell suspension cultures at 24 h, except SOD.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- addition of Rhizoctonia solanie0
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solani
Rhizoctonia solanie0pathogen - Outcome
- defence enzymes and compounds at 24 he0
- Direction
- suppressione0
- Qualifier
- except SODe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice cell suspension cultures”
e0“The addition of Rhizoctonia solani and Sarocladium oryzae toxins separately in suspension cultured cells shows the suppression of defence enzymes and compounds at 24 h and 48 h respectively except SOD”
Claim · model-written summary
Sarocladium oryzae toxin suppressed defence enzymes and compounds in rice cell suspension cultures at 48 h, except SOD.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Sarocladium oryzaee0
- Interactor
- Sarocladium oryzae
Sarocladium oryzaee0pathogen - Outcome
- defence enzymes and compoundse0
- Direction
- suppressione0
- Qualifier
- except SODe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice cell suspension cultures”
e0“The addition of Rhizoctonia solani and Sarocladium oryzae toxins separately in suspension cultured cells shows the suppression of defence enzymes and compounds at 24 h and 48 h respectively except SOD”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizoctonia solani toxin reduced PR protein (beta-1,3-glucanase and chitinase) activities in rice cells during 48 h and 72 h.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- addition of Rhizoctonia solanie1
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solaniRhizoctonia solanie1pathogen
- Gene
- β-1,3-glucanase and chitinasee1
- Outcome
- PR proteins (namely β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase) activitiese1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Qualifier
- during 48 h and 72 he1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The PR proteins (namely β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase) activities in rice suspension cultured cells were reduced during 48 h and 72 h after the addition of Rhizoctonia solani toxin”
Claim · model-written summary
Sarocladium oryzae toxin suppressed PR protein activities in rice cells only after 72 h.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- Sarocladium oryzae toxine2
- Interactor
- Sarocladium oryzaeSarocladium oryzaee2pathogen
- Gene
- β-1,3-glucanase and chitinasee1
- Outcome
- activitiese2
- Direction
- suppressede2
- Qualifier
- only after 72 he2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The PR proteins (namely β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase) activities in rice suspension cultured cells were reduced during 48 h and 72 h after the addition of Rhizoctonia solani toxin”
e2“whereas the activities were suppressed only after 72 h when inoculated with Sarocladium oryzae toxin”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice cultivar IR50 delayed the disease suppression effect compared with cultivars Pusa Basmati and Co 43.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae3
- Material
- IR50e3
- Outcome
- disease suppression effecte3
- Direction
- delayse3
- Comparator
- Pusa Basmati and Co 43e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The rice cultivar IR50 delays the disease suppression effect when compared to the other cultivars viz., Pusa Basmati and Co 43”
Claim · model-written summary
Toxins play a major role in pathogenesis in rice cells.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae4
- Outcome
- pathogenesise4
- Qualifier
- toxins play a major rolee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“toxins play a major role during pathogenesis in rice cells”
The same questions in other papers
Rhizoctonia solani · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.