Abstract
Abstract A trial was conducted in an attempt to determine the local effect of urine deposited by grazing cattle on the fertility of the affected sward. Cattle were permitted to graze an unfertilized, pure stand of tall rescue at three seasons of the year: fall, spring, and summer. A number of urine spots were selected on each occasion for further study. The vegetative growth on each spot and on a comparable check area was harvested at intervals for a period of up to 2 years following deposition. The effect of urine was then measured as the difference in dry matter yield, %N and %K between the urine‐treated and the nontreated vegetation. Since it is only a minor component of urine, no results are reported for the effect of phosphorus. The following conclusions might be drawn from the results of this study: An individual urination affects a roughly circular area with a radius of from 21 to 25 inches. That is, a total of from 9½ to 13 square feet of sward are affected per urination. The effect is not uniform, but decreases in a linear manner from the center to the periphery of the spot. The effect of urine decreases quite rapidly with time after deposition. As a result a urination ceases to be of practical significance within, at most, 10 months following deposition. Both the magnitude of the effect and the rate of decrease of the effect appear to be directly related to the rate of plant growth. Under conditions prevailing in the southeastern United States, and in the other areas where forage growth and mineral depletion are rapid, the urine returned by grazing cattle would appear to contribute little to the fertility of the pasture as a whole.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
An individual urination affects a roughly circular area of tall rescue with a radius of 21 to 25 inches.
Verbatim
e1“Cattle were permitted to graze an unfertilized, pure stand of tall rescue at three seasons of the year”
e2“An individual urination affects a roughly circular area with a radius of from 21 to 25 inches”
Claim · model-written summary
The effect of urine on tall rescue vegetation decreases in a linear manner from the center to the periphery of the urine spot.
Verbatim
e1“Cattle were permitted to graze an unfertilized, pure stand of tall rescue at three seasons of the year”
e2“The effect is not uniform, but decreases in a linear manner from the center to the periphery of the spot”
Claim · model-written summary
The effect of urine on tall rescue decreases quite rapidly with time after deposition.
Verbatim
e1“Cattle were permitted to graze an unfertilized, pure stand of tall rescue at three seasons of the year”
e2“The effect of urine decreases quite rapidly with time after deposition”
Claim · model-written summary
The urine effect ceases to be of practical significance within at most 10 months after deposition.
Verbatim
e1“Cattle were permitted to graze an unfertilized, pure stand of tall rescue at three seasons of the year”
e2“a urination ceases to be of practical significance within, at most, 10 months following deposition”
Claim · model-written summary
The magnitude of the urine effect and the rate of its decrease appear to be directly related to the rate of plant growth.
- Taxon
- tall rescuee1
- Treatment
- rate of plant growthe2
- Outcome
- magnitude of the effect and the rate of decreasee2
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e1“Cattle were permitted to graze an unfertilized, pure stand of tall rescue at three seasons of the year”
e2“Both the magnitude of the effect and the rate of decrease of the effect appear to be directly related to the rate of plant growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Under conditions in the southeastern United States, urine from grazing cattle appears to contribute little to pasture fertility as a whole.
Verbatim
e1“Cattle were permitted to graze an unfertilized, pure stand of tall rescue at three seasons of the year”
e2“Under conditions prevailing in the southeastern United States, and in the other areas where forage growth and mineral depletion are rapid, the urine returned by grazing cattle would appear to contribute little to the fertility of the pasture as a whole”