Abstract
Preserving valuable seed germplasm in liquid nitrogen (LN 2 ) has the potential of extending the storage life of the sample almost indefinitely. However, during the cooling and rewarming process, temperature related stresses occur that can be lethal to many biological materials, including seeds. The capacity of seeds to withstand LN 2 cooling is critical to long‐term cryopreservation of these germplasm samples. Seeds from six sesame ( Sesamum indicum L.) selections were used to develop procedures to overcome cryogenic damage during the LN 2 cooling/rewarming process. Seed moisture content and cooling rate were identified as controlling factors in the survival of sesame seeds exposed to LN 2 . As seed moisture content increased from 60 to 120 g kg −1 and cooling rate increased from 10 to 200°C min −1 , mortality increased. Regardless of cooling rate, all seeds of all selections were killed at moisture content levels above 120 g kg −1 . At seed moisture contents below 60 g kg −1 and cooling rates of 1, 10, and 30°C min −1 , all seeds of all sesame selections tested survived. At a 200°C min −2 cooling rate and moisture contents below 60 g kg −1 , four of the six selections were damaged. Results from this study suggest that sesame seeds can tolerate LN 2 exposure if the seed moisture content is below 60 g kg −1 and the cooling rate is between 1 and 30°C min −1 .
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing seed moisture and cooling rate increased mortality.
- Taxon
- sesame
Sesamum indicumt0 - Organ / stage
- seede0
- Treatment
- cooling ratee0
- Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 60 to 120 g kg −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As seed moisture content increased from 60 to 120 g kg −1 and cooling rate increased from 10 to 200°C min −1 , mortality increased”
t0“Sesame”
Claim · model-written summary
All seeds were killed above 120 g kg −1 moisture regardless of cooling rate.
- Taxon
- sesameSesamum indicumt0
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Outcome
- all seeds of all selections were killede0
- Qualifier
- moisture content levels above 120 g kg −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Regardless of cooling rate, all seeds of all selections were killed at moisture content levels above 120 g kg −1”
t0“Sesame”
Claim · model-written summary
All selections survived below 60 g kg −1 moisture at 1, 10 and 30°C min −1.
- Taxon
- sesameSesamum indicume0
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Outcome
- all seeds of all sesame selections tested survivede0
- Qualifier
- seed moisture contents below 60 g kg −1 and cooling rates of 1, 10, and 30°C min −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At seed moisture contents below 60 g kg −1 and cooling rates of 1, 10, and 30°C min −1 , all seeds of all sesame selections tested survived”
Claim · model-written summary
Four of six selections were damaged at 200°C min −2 cooling below 60 g kg −1 moisture.
- Taxon
- sesameSesamum indicumt0
- Outcome
- four of the six selections were damagede0
- Value
- four of the six selectionse0
- Qualifier
- 200°C min −2 cooling rate and moisture contents below 60 g kg −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At a 200°C min −2 cooling rate and moisture contents below 60 g kg −1 , four of the six selections were damaged”
t0“Sesame”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend moisture below 60 g kg −1 and cooling at 1 to 30°C min −1 for liquid nitrogen exposure.
- Taxon
- sesameSesamum indicume0
- Outcome
- seed moisture content is below 60 g kg −1 and the cooling rate is between 1 and 30°C min −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sesame seeds can tolerate LN 2 exposure if the seed moisture content is below 60 g kg −1 and the cooling rate is between 1 and 30°C min −1”