Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci (Pstab) is the causal agent of wildfire disease in tobacco plants. Several pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae produce a phytotoxic extracellular metabolite called coronatine (COR). COR has been shown to suppress plant defense responses. Interestingly, Pstab does not produce COR but still actively suppresses early plant defense responses. It is not clear if Pstab produces any extracellular metabolites that actively suppress early defense during bacterial pathogenesis. RESULTS: We found that the Pstab extracellular metabolite extracts (Pstab extracts) remarkably suppressed stomatal closure and nonhost hypersensitive response (HR) cell death induced by a nonhost pathogen, P. syringae pv. tomato T1 (Pst T1), in Nicotiana benthamiana. We also found that the accumulation of nonhost pathogens, Pst T1 and P. syringae pv. glycinea (Psgly), was increased in N. benthamiana plants upon treatment with Pstab extracts . The HR cell death induced by Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern (INF1), gene-for-gene interaction (Pto/AvrPto and Cf-9/AvrCf-9) and ethanol was not delayed or suppressed by Pstab extracts. We performed metabolite profiling to investigate the extracellular metabolites from Pstab using UPLC-qTOF-MS and identified 49 extracellular metabolites from the Pstab supernatant culture. The results from gene expression profiling of PR-1, PR-2, PR-5, PDF1.2, ABA1, COI1, and HSR203J suggest that Pstab extracellular metabolites may interfere with SA-mediated defense pathways. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we found that Pstab extracts suppress plant defense responses such as stomatal closure and nonhost HR cell death induced by the nonhost bacterial pathogen Pst T1 in N. benthamiana.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Pstab extracellular metabolite extracts (Pstab extracts) remarkably suppressed stomatal closure and nonhost hypersensitive response (HR) cell death induced by a nonhost pathogen, P. syringae pv. tomato T1 (Pst T1), in Nicotiana benthamiana.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamiana
Nicotiana benthamianae0 - Treatment
- Pstab extracellular metabolite extractse0
- Interactor
- P. syringae pv. tomato T1
Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomatoe0pathogen - Outcome
- stomatal closuree0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pstab extracellular metabolite extracts (Pstab extracts) remarkably suppressed stomatal closure and nonhost hypersensitive response (HR) cell death induced by a nonhost pathogen, P. syringae pv. tomato T1 (Pst T1), in Nicotiana benthamiana.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pstab extracellular metabolite extracts (Pstab extracts) remarkably suppressed stomatal closure and nonhost hypersensitive response (HR) cell death induced by a nonhost pathogen, P. syringae pv. tomato T1 (Pst T1), in Nicotiana benthamiana.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Treatment
- Pstab extracellular metabolite extractse0
- Interactor
- P. syringae pv. tomato T1Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomatoe0pathogen
- Outcome
- nonhost hypersensitive response (HR) cell deathe0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pstab extracellular metabolite extracts (Pstab extracts) remarkably suppressed stomatal closure and nonhost hypersensitive response (HR) cell death induced by a nonhost pathogen, P. syringae pv. tomato T1 (Pst T1), in Nicotiana benthamiana.”
Claim · model-written summary
the accumulation of nonhost pathogens, Pst T1 and P. syringae pv. glycinea (Psgly), was increased in N. benthamiana plants upon treatment with Pstab extracts
- Taxon
- N. benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Treatment
- Pstab extractse0
- Interactor
- Pst T1e0pathogen
- Outcome
- accumulation of nonhost pathogens, Pst T1e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the accumulation of nonhost pathogens, Pst T1 and P. syringae pv. glycinea (Psgly), was increased in N. benthamiana plants upon treatment with Pstab extracts”
Claim · model-written summary
the accumulation of nonhost pathogens, Pst T1 and P. syringae pv. glycinea (Psgly), was increased in N. benthamiana plants upon treatment with Pstab extracts
- Taxon
- N. benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Treatment
- Pstab extractse0
- Interactor
- P. syringae pv. glycineaPseudomonas savastanoi pv. glycineae0pathogen
- Outcome
- accumulation of nonhost pathogense0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the accumulation of nonhost pathogens, Pst T1 and P. syringae pv. glycinea (Psgly), was increased in N. benthamiana plants upon treatment with Pstab extracts”
Claim · model-written summary
The HR cell death induced by Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern (INF1), gene-for-gene interaction (Pto/AvrPto and Cf-9/AvrCf-9) and ethanol was not delayed or suppressed by Pstab extracts.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianat0
- Treatment
- Pstab extractse0
- Outcome
- HR cell deathe0
- Direction
- not delayed or suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The HR cell death induced by Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern (INF1), gene-for-gene interaction (Pto/AvrPto and Cf-9/AvrCf-9) and ethanol was not delayed or suppressed by Pstab extracts.”
t0“Nicotiana benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
identified 49 extracellular metabolites from the Pstab supernatant culture.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianat0
- Outcome
- extracellular metabolitese0
- Value
- 49 extracellular metabolitese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“identified 49 extracellular metabolites from the Pstab supernatant culture.”
t0“Nicotiana benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
Pstab extracellular metabolites may interfere with SA-mediated defense pathways.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianat0
- Outcome
- SA-mediated defense pathwayse0
- Qualifier
- may interferee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pstab extracellular metabolites may interfere with SA-mediated defense pathways.”
t0“Nicotiana benthamiana”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · disease · Nicotiana benthamianaPositive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
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