Abstract
Abstract Organic producers are seeking alternative tactics for weed control, so that they can reduce their need for tillage. In this study, we examined cultural strategies for controlling weeds during the transition from a cool-season crop to soybean. The study was arranged as a two-way factorial, with factors being choice of cool-season crop and tillage treatments. The cool-season crops were either spring wheat harvested for grain or an oat–pea mixture harvested for forage. Five tillage treatments, ranging from intensive tillage to no-till, were established following each cool-season crop. Two tillage treatments included the cover crops, oat plus oilseed radish. Soybean was planted the following growing season. Each soybean plot was split into two subplots: weed-free and weed-infested. A cultural system comprising oat/pea as a preceding crop with no-till and cover crops reduced weed biomass in soybean 63% compared to intensive tillage. Reduced weed biomass resulted because of delayed weed emergence and lower weed community density. Consequently, soybean yielded 14% more in this treatment than with the intensive tillage treatment when weeds were present. Weed community composition also differed between the two systems; horseweed and field dandelion were prominent in no-till, whereas common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed and buffalobur were prevalent in the tillage control. Other treatments did not control weeds better than intensive tillage. A cultural system approach may minimize the need for tillage during the interval between cool-season crops and soybean.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
The oat/pea no-till cover-crop system reduced weed biomass by 63%.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- oat/pea as a preceding crop with no-till and cover cropse0
- Outcome
- weed biomass in soybeane0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 63%e0
- Comparator
- intensive tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A cultural system comprising oat/pea as a preceding crop with no-till and cover crops reduced weed biomass in soybean 63% compared to intensive tillage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed emergence was delayed in the cultural system.
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparator
Verbatim
e0“Reduced weed biomass resulted because of delayed weed emergence and lower weed community density.”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed community density was lower in the cultural system.
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparator
Verbatim
e0“Reduced weed biomass resulted because of delayed weed emergence and lower weed community density.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean yield increased by 14% under the cultural system when weeds were present.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- this treatmente0
- Outcome
- soybean yieldede0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 14%e0
- Qualifier
- when weeds were presente0
- Comparator
- the intensive tillage treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Consequently, soybean yielded 14% more in this treatment than with the intensive tillage treatment when weeds were present.”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed community composition differed between the two systems.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Weed community composition also differed between the two systems; horseweed and field dandelion were prominent in no-till, whereas common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed and buffalobur were prevalent in the tillage control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Horseweed and field dandelion were prominent under no-till.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Weed community composition also differed between the two systems; horseweed and field dandelion were prominent in no-till, whereas common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed and buffalobur were prevalent in the tillage control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Lambsquarters, pigweed and buffalobur prevailed under tillage.
- Treatment
- tillage controle0
- Outcome
- common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed and buffalobur were prevalente0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Weed community composition also differed between the two systems; horseweed and field dandelion were prominent in no-till, whereas common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed and buffalobur were prevalent in the tillage control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Other treatments did not outperform intensive tillage for weed control.
- Treatment
- Other treatmentse0
- Outcome
- control weedse0
- Direction
- did not control weeds bettere0
- Comparator
- intensive tillagee0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Other treatments did not control weeds better than intensive tillage.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend a cultural system to reduce tillage need.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- minimize the need for tillagee0
- Qualifier
- during the interval between cool-season crops and soybeane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A cultural system approach may minimize the need for tillage during the interval between cool-season crops and soybean.”
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