Abstract
Management of perennial weeds is a major concern in reduced-tillage cropping systems. Field research was conducted at Nashua, IA, from 1977 through 1990 to evaluate the long-term impacts of tillage and cropping patterns on perennial weed populations in corn and soybean production. Continuous corn and a corn/soybean rotation were conducted utilizing moldboard plow, chisel plow, ridge tillage, and no-tillage systems. The research area was free of established perennial weed species at the initiation of the experiment in 1977. Hemp dogbane was observed by 1980, with the greatest densities in no-tillage. By 1990, continuous corn had greater hemp dogbane densities with no-tillage than other tillage system by crop rotation treatments. American germander densities were not affected by tillage systems in 1980 and 1981, but by 1990, corn/soybean rotations had greater densities in moldboard plow than other tillage systems. Field bindweed developed primarily in the corn/soybean rotations with the greatest densities occurring in no-tillage. Greater and more diverse populations of perennial weeds developed in reduced-tillage systems than in the moldboard plow system. However, practices used to control annual weeds and environmental factors interacted with tillage to regulate perennial weed populations.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Hemp dogbane appeared by 1980 and was densest under no-tillage.
- Taxon
- corn and soybean
Glycine max
Zea mays subsp. mayse7 - Treatment
- no-tillagee0
- Interactor
- Hemp dogbane
Apocynum cannabinume0weed - Outcome
- Hemp dogbanee0
- Direction
- greatest densitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“corn and soybean production”
e0“Hemp dogbane was observed by 1980, with the greatest densities in no-tillage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous corn under no-tillage had greater hemp dogbane density by 1990 than other combinations.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- no-tillagee0
- Interactor
- hemp dogbaneApocynum cannabinume0weed
- Outcome
- hemp dogbane densitiese0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- other tillage system by crop rotation treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“corn and soybean production”
e0“By 1990, continuous corn had greater hemp dogbane densities with no-tillage than other tillage system by crop rotation treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
American germander density was unaffected by tillage in 1980 and 1981.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayse7
- Treatment
- tillage systemse0
- Interactor
- American germander
Teucrium canadensee0weed - Outcome
- American germander densitiese0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“corn and soybean production”
e0“American germander densities were not affected by tillage systems in 1980 and 1981”
Claim · model-written summary
By 1990, American germander was denser in moldboard-plowed corn/soybean rotation than under other tillage.
- Taxon
- corn/soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- moldboard plowe0
- Interactor
- American germanderTeucrium canadensee1weed
- Outcome
- greater densitiese0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- other tillage systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“corn and soybean production”
e0“by 1990, corn/soybean rotations had greater densities in moldboard plow than other tillage systems”
e1“American germander densities were not affected by tillage systems in 1980 and 1981”
Claim · model-written summary
Field bindweed developed mainly in corn/soybean rotations and was densest under no-tillage.
- Taxon
- corn/soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- no-tillagee0
- Interactor
- Field bindweede0weed
- Outcome
- Field bindweede0
- Direction
- greatest densitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“corn and soybean production”
e0“Field bindweed developed primarily in the corn/soybean rotations with the greatest densities occurring in no-tillage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced tillage produced larger, more diverse perennial weed populations than moldboard plowing.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayse7
- Treatment
- reduced-tillage systemse0
- Interactor
- perennial weedse0weed
- Outcome
- populations of perennial weedse0
- Direction
- Greater and more diversee0
- Comparator
- moldboard plow systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“corn and soybean production”
e0“Greater and more diverse populations of perennial weeds developed in reduced-tillage systems than in the moldboard plow system.”
Claim · model-written summary
Annual weed control practices and environmental factors interacted with tillage to regulate perennial weed populations.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayse7
- Treatment
- tillagee0
- Interactor
- perennial weede0weed
- Outcome
- perennial weed populationse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“corn and soybean production”
e0“practices used to control annual weeds and environmental factors interacted with tillage to regulate perennial weed populations”
The same questions in other papers
tillage · weed · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
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- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 44 papers →tillage · weed · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
45 papers in the same direction as this paper · 65 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
107 papers more in this group
See all 111 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.