Abstract
Developing seedlings of the Arabidopsis gun1 (genomes uncoupled1) mutant, which is defective in retrograde plastid-to-nucleus signalling, show several previously unrecognized mutant phenotypes. gun1 seedlings accumulated less anthocyanin than wild-type seedlings when grown in the presence of 2% (w/v) sucrose, due to lower amounts of transcripts of early anthocyanin biosynthesis genes in gun1. Norflurazon and lincomycin, which induce retrograde signalling, further decreased the anthocyanin content of sucrose-treated seedlings, and altered the temporal pattern of anthocyanin accumulation. Lincomycin treatment altered the spatial pattern of sucrose-induced anthocyanin accumulation, suggesting that plastids provide information for the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis seedlings. The temporal pattern of accumulation of LHCB1 transcripts differed between wild-type and gun1 seedlings, and gun1 seedlings were more sensitive to sucrose suppression of LHCB1 transcript accumulation than wild-type seedlings. Growth and development of gun1 seedlings was more sensitive to exogenous 2% sucrose than wild-type seedlings and, in the presence of lincomycin, cotyledon expansion was enhanced in gun1 seedlings compared to the wild type. gun1 seedlings were more sensitive than wild-type seedlings to the inhibition of seedling growth and development by abscisic acid. These observations clearly implicate GUN1 and plastid signalling in the regulation of seedling development and anthocyanin biosynthesis, and indicate a complex interplay between sucrose and plastid signalling pathways.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
gun1 seedlings accumulated less anthocyanin than wild type with 2% sucrose.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsist0 - Material
- gun1e0
- Treatment
- 2% (w/v) sucrosee0
- Outcome
- anthocyanine0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- wild-type seedlingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“gun1 seedlings accumulated less anthocyanin than wild-type seedlings when grown in the presence of 2% (w/v) sucrose”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
gun1 had fewer transcripts of early anthocyanin biosynthesis genes.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- gun1e0
- Outcome
- transcripts of early anthocyanin biosynthesis genese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- wild-type seedlingse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“due to lower amounts of transcripts of early anthocyanin biosynthesis genes in gun1”
e1“than wild-type seedlings when grown in the presence of 2% (w/v) sucrose”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Norflurazon further reduced anthocyanin content in sucrose-treated seedlings.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- Norflurazone0
- Outcome
- anthocyanin contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- sucrose-treated seedlingse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Norflurazon and lincomycin, which induce retrograde signalling, further decreased the anthocyanin content of sucrose-treated seedlings”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Lincomycin further reduced anthocyanin content in sucrose-treated seedlings.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- lincomycine0
- Outcome
- anthocyanin contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Norflurazon and lincomycin, which induce retrograde signalling, further decreased the anthocyanin content of sucrose-treated seedlings”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Norflurazon altered the timing of anthocyanin accumulation.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- Norflurazone0
- Outcome
- temporal pattern of anthocyanin accumulatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Norflurazon and lincomycin, which induce retrograde signalling, further decreased the anthocyanin content of sucrose-treated seedlings, and altered the temporal pattern of anthocyanin accumulation”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Lincomycin altered the timing of anthocyanin accumulation.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- lincomycine0
- Outcome
- temporal pattern of anthocyanin accumulatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Norflurazon and lincomycin, which induce retrograde signalling, further decreased the anthocyanin content of sucrose-treated seedlings, and altered the temporal pattern of anthocyanin accumulation”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Lincomycin changed spatial distribution of sucrose-induced anthocyanin accumulation.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- Lincomycin treatmente0
- Outcome
- spatial pattern of sucrose-induced anthocyanin accumulatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lincomycin treatment altered the spatial pattern of sucrose-induced anthocyanin accumulation”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
LHCB1 transcript accumulation over time differed between gun1 and wild-type seedlings.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- gun1e0
- Gene
- LHCB1e0
- Outcome
- temporal pattern of accumulation of LHCB1 transcriptse0
- Comparator
- wild-typee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The temporal pattern of accumulation of LHCB1 transcripts differed between wild-type and gun1 seedlings”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
gun1 seedlings showed greater sensitivity to sucrose suppression of LHCB1 transcripts.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- gun1e0
- Treatment
- sucrosee0
- Gene
- LHCB1e0
- Outcome
- LHCB1 transcript accumulatione0
- Direction
- suppressione0
- Comparator
- wild-type seedlingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“gun1 seedlings were more sensitive to sucrose suppression of LHCB1 transcript accumulation than wild-type seedlings”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
gun1 growth and development were more sucrose-sensitive than wild type.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- gun1e0
- Treatment
- exogenous 2% sucrosee0
- Outcome
- Growth and developmente0
- Direction
- more sensitivee0
- Comparator
- wild-type seedlingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and development of gun1 seedlings was more sensitive to exogenous 2% sucrose than wild-type seedlings”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
With lincomycin, gun1 cotyledon expansion was enhanced relative to wild type.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- gun1e0
- Treatment
- lincomycine0
- Outcome
- cotyledon expansione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- the wild typee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the presence of lincomycin, cotyledon expansion was enhanced in gun1 seedlings compared to the wild type”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
gun1 seedling growth and development were more sensitive to abscisic acid inhibition than wild type.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- gun1e0
- Treatment
- abscisic acide0
- Outcome
- seedling growth and developmente0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
- Comparator
- wild-type seedlingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“gun1 seedlings were more sensitive than wild-type seedlings to the inhibition of seedling growth and development by abscisic acid”
t0“Arabidopsis”