Abstract
Abstract A very important mineral storage compound in seeds is phytate, a mixed cation salt of phytic acid (myo-inositol hexakis phosphoric acid). This compound is important for several reasons: (1) It is vital for seed/grain development and successful seedling growth. (2) It is often considered to be an antinutritional substance in human diets, but it may have a positivenutritional role as an anti-oxidant and an anti-cancer agent. (3) It represents a very significant amount of phosphorus being extracted from soilsand subsequently removed with the crop. (4) It plays a role in eutrophication of waterways. A key part of this review is an estimate of the annualtonnage of phosphorus and phytic acid sequestered in up to 4.1 billion metric tonnes of crop seeds and fruits globally each year. We estimate thatnearly 35 million metric tonnes of phytic acid, containing 9.9 million metric tonnes of P, is combined with about 12.5 and 3.9 million metric tonnes of K and Mg respectively, to form each year over 51 million metric tonnes of phytate. The amount of P inthis phytate is equal to nearly 65÷ of the elemental P sold world wide for use in mineral fertilizers. Dry cereal grains account for 69÷ of the total crop seed/fruit production but account for 77÷ of the total phytic acid stored each year. Low phytate mutants, that are now available for some key staple food crops such as maize and barley, offer potential benefits in such areas as the sustainability of lands used to grow crops, the mineral nutrition of humans and animals, and reduction in pollution of waterways.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Nearly 35 million metric tonnes of phytic acid, containing 9.9 million metric tonnes of P, is sequestered in crop seeds and fruits each year.
Verbatim
e0“phytic acid sequestered in up to 4.1 billion metric tonnes of crop seeds and fruits globally each year”
e1“nearly 35 million metric tonnes of phytic acid, containing 9.9 million metric tonnes of P”
Claim · model-written summary
Over 51 million metric tonnes of phytate form each year in crop seeds and fruits.
Verbatim
e0“phytic acid sequestered in up to 4.1 billion metric tonnes of crop seeds and fruits globally each year”
e2“over 51 million metric tonnes of phytate”
Claim · model-written summary
The P in phytate is nearly 65% of the elemental P sold worldwide for mineral fertilizers.
Verbatim
e0“phytic acid sequestered in up to 4.1 billion metric tonnes of crop seeds and fruits globally each year”
e3“The amount of P inthis phytate is equal to nearly 65÷ of the elemental P sold world wide”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry cereal grains account for 69% of total crop seed and fruit production.
Verbatim
e4“Dry cereal grains account for 69÷ of the total crop seed/fruit production”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry cereal grains hold 77% of the total phytic acid stored each year in crop seeds and fruits.
Verbatim
e4“Dry cereal grains account for 69÷ of the total crop seed/fruit production”
e5“account for 77÷ of the total phytic acid stored each year”
Claim · model-written summary
Low phytate mutants of maize and barley offer potential benefits for land sustainability, human and animal mineral nutrition and reduced waterway pollution.
- Taxon
- maize and barley
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Hordeum vulgare
Zea mayse6 - Material
- Low phytate mutantse6
- Outcome
- potential benefitse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
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Verbatim
e6“Low phytate mutants, that are now available for some key staple food crops such as maize and barley, offer potential benefits”