Abstract
Good plant establishment and excellent vigour constitute essential pre-requisites for successful grain production. The sowing of good viable seeds could contribute to increased productivity and ultimately lead to minimal seed cost and high return on investment. These are however dependent on such factors as the possible effects of pre- and post-seed sowing soil amendments. Hence, a greenhouse experiment was conducted in 2008 to assess the effects of variable rates (50, 75 and 100% of the recommended rates) of industrial manufactured biological amendment substances (IMBAS) (Biozone, Crop care, Gromor, Growmax, K-humate, Lanbac, Molcast, Montys and Promis) on the establishment and growth characteristics of maize seedlings. Inorganic NPK fertilizer and unamended control treatments were included as standards. Results obtained revealed a significant IMBAS as well as IMBAS x rates interaction effects on plant height, number of leaves, total biomass and leaf area. The percent plant emergence in K-humate, Montys and Promis treatments at 50% recommended rate were significantly decreased relative to the standard treatments. Application of most of the IMBAS at 100% of the recommended rate generally decreased plant establishment and phenological characteristics of maize. The study underpins the relevance of in-depth and accurate agronomic evaluation of industrially manufactured growth enhancement materials prior to recommendation for use by farmers. Keywords: Industrial manufactured biological amendment substances, maize phenology, plant vigour, seedling emergence, soil amendments.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
IMBAS and rate interaction significantly affected plant height and leaf number.
Zea maysNot reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant IMBAS as well as IMBAS x rates interaction effects on plant height, number of leaves, total biomass and leaf area”
e1“maize seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
IMBAS and rate interaction significantly affected total biomass and leaf area.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant IMBAS as well as IMBAS x rates interaction effects on plant height, number of leaves, total biomass and leaf area”
e1“maize seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
K-humate at 50% significantly reduced maize emergence relative to standards.
- Treatment
- K-humatee0
- Outcome
- percent plant emergencee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- 50% recommended ratee0
- Comparator
- standard treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“percent plant emergence in K-humate, Montys and Promis treatments at 50% recommended rate were significantly decreased relative to the standard treatments”
e1“maize seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Montys at 50% significantly reduced maize emergence relative to standards.
- Treatment
- Montyse0
- Outcome
- percent plant emergencee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- 50% recommended ratee0
- Comparator
- standard treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“percent plant emergence in K-humate, Montys and Promis treatments at 50% recommended rate were significantly decreased relative to the standard treatments”
e1“maize seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Promis at 50% significantly reduced maize emergence relative to standards.
- Treatment
- Promise0
- Outcome
- percent plant emergencee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- 50% recommended ratee0
- Comparator
- standard treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“percent plant emergence in K-humate, Montys and Promis treatments at 50% recommended rate were significantly decreased relative to the standard treatments”
e1“maize seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Most IMBAS at full rate generally decreased maize establishment and phenological traits.
- Treatment
- most of the IMBAS at 100% of the recommended ratee0
- Outcome
- plant establishment and phenological characteristicse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of most of the IMBAS at 100% of the recommended rate generally decreased plant establishment and phenological characteristics of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend detailed agronomic evaluation of manufactured growth enhancers before farmer use.
- Outcome
- in-depth and accurate agronomic evaluation of industrially manufactured growth enhancement materialse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“relevance of in-depth and accurate agronomic evaluation of industrially manufactured growth enhancement materials prior to recommendation for use by farmers”
e1“maize seedlings”
The same questions in other papers
other · quality: phytochemicals · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.