Abstract
Herbicides are widely used in soybean for weed control, and the selection pressure attributed to the repeated use of herbicides with similar modes of action on the same site has caused selection for resistant biotypes within and among previously susceptible species, such as Euphorbia heterophylla L., in relation to ALS enzyme inhibitors, in the states of Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, and São Paulo, Brazil. Seeds of E. heterophylla were collected to examine possible new cases of resistant populations and to test alternative herbicide treatments to manage these populations, in the Caarapó region, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, in areas where plants of this species have survived continuous herbicide applications. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions, where biotypes with a history of suspected resistance were compared with a known susceptible biotype. Several post-emergence herbicides were sprayed at zero, one, two, four, and eight times the recommended field application rates. Twenty days after application, plants were harvested, and control percentage and fresh weight were determined to establish dose-response curves, in the aim to obtain the resistance factor using CD50 and RD50 data. The chlorimuron-ethyl resistance factor values for the control percentage and fresh weight parameters were higher than 16.5 and 16.9, respectively, while imazethapyr showed resistance factors higher than 25.0 and 23.5, respectively. The resistant biotype showed different resistance levels to chlorimuron-ethyl and imazethapyr, showing cross-resistance to the sulfonylurea and imidazolinone groups. Nevertheless, this biotype was effectively controlled by fomesafen (250 g ha-1), lactofen (120 g ha-1), flumiclorac-pentyl (40 g ha-1), glufosinate-ammonium (150 g ha-1), and glyphosate (360 g ha-1).
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
The chlorimuron-ethyl resistance factor for control percentage was higher than 16.5.
Verbatim
t0“Resistence of Euphorbia Heterophylla L.”
e1“The chlorimuron-ethyl resistance factor values for the control percentage and fresh weight parameters were higher than 16.5 and 16.9, respectively”
e2“compared with a known susceptible biotype”
Claim · model-written summary
The chlorimuron-ethyl resistance factor for fresh weight was higher than 16.9.
Verbatim
t0“Resistence of Euphorbia Heterophylla L.”
e1“The chlorimuron-ethyl resistance factor values for the control percentage and fresh weight parameters were higher than 16.5 and 16.9, respectively”
e2“compared with a known susceptible biotype”
Claim · model-written summary
The imazethapyr resistance factors were higher than 25.0 and 23.5.
Verbatim
t0“Resistence of Euphorbia Heterophylla L.”
e3“while imazethapyr showed resistance factors higher than 25.0 and 23.5, respectively”
e2“compared with a known susceptible biotype”
Claim · model-written summary
The resistant biotype showed cross-resistance to the sulfonylurea and imidazolinone herbicide groups.
Verbatim
t0“Resistence of Euphorbia Heterophylla L.”
e4“The resistant biotype showed different resistance levels to chlorimuron-ethyl and imazethapyr, showing cross-resistance to the sulfonylurea and imidazolinone groups”
Claim · model-written summary
The resistant biotype was effectively controlled by fomesafen, lactofen and flumiclorac-pentyl.
- Taxon
- Euphorbia Heterophylla L.t0
- Treatment
- fomesafen (250 g ha-1), lactofen (120 g ha-1), flumiclorac-pentyl (40 g ha-1)e5
- Outcome
- effectively controllede5
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
t0“Resistence of Euphorbia Heterophylla L.”
e5“Nevertheless, this biotype was effectively controlled by fomesafen (250 g ha-1), lactofen (120 g ha-1), flumiclorac-pentyl (40 g ha-1), glufosinate-ammonium (150 g ha-1), and glyphosate (360 g ha-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
The resistant biotype was effectively controlled by glufosinate-ammonium and glyphosate.
- Taxon
- Euphorbia Heterophylla L.t0
- Treatment
- glufosinate-ammonium (150 g ha-1), and glyphosate (360 g ha-1)e5
- Outcome
- effectively controllede5
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
t0“Resistence of Euphorbia Heterophylla L.”
e5“Nevertheless, this biotype was effectively controlled by fomesafen (250 g ha-1), lactofen (120 g ha-1), flumiclorac-pentyl (40 g ha-1), glufosinate-ammonium (150 g ha-1), and glyphosate (360 g ha-1)”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · control · Euphorbia heterophyllaResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.