Abstract
Select herbicides with different mechanism of action is a satisfactory option for resistant weed control. Then, the present work aimed to study the efficiency of different herbicides and their mixtures on Bidens pilosa (blackjack) and Euphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia) biotypes, resistant to ALS herbicides in two development stages. The trials we arranged in a completely randomized design with four replications. The treatments tested were (g a.i/a.e ha-1): imazethapyr at 70 and 140 (WG formulation) + 1.0% Assist; imazethapyr at 57.6 and 72 (SL formulation) + 1.0% Assist; imazapic + imazethapyr at 56 and 70 + 1.0% Assist; glyphosate + imazethapyr (596); saflufenacil + glyphosate at 35 + 720 + 0.5% Dash in tank mix, glyphosate at 720 and, a control without herbicide application. Control efficiency was evaluated, as well as dry matter accumulation at the end of the studies. Plants of both species were more susceptible to herbicides at the early stage of development (2 to 4 leaves). The treatments with saflufenacil + glyphosate, (imazethapyr + glyphosate) and glyphosate promoted the best controls, regardless of the species studied and the application stage. The mixture with saflufenacil provided the highest control speed, and the mixture (imazethapyr + glyphosate) was less efficient among three excellent treatments when applied to plants in the 4-6 leaf stage. The treatments (imazethapyr, in both formulations) and (imazethapyr + imazapic) were ineffective in controlling the studied biotypes, regardless of dose and developmental stage studied.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Saflufenacil + glyphosate, imazethapyr + glyphosate and glyphosate promoted the best control of both weed species, regardless of species and stage.
- Taxon
- Bidens pilosa (blackjack) and Euphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia)
Bidens pilosa
Euphorbia heterophyllae0 - Material
- biotypes, resistant to ALS herbicidese0
- Treatment
- saflufenacil + glyphosatee2
- Outcome
- Control efficiencye1
- Direction
- beste2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“study the efficiency of different herbicides and their mixtures on Bidens pilosa (blackjack) and Euphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia) biotypes, resistant to ALS herbicides in two development stages”
e1“Control efficiency was evaluated”
e2“The treatments with saflufenacil + glyphosate, (imazethapyr + glyphosate) and glyphosate promoted the best controls, regardless of the species studied and the application stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Both weed species were more susceptible to herbicides at the early stage of development (2 to 4 leaves).
- Taxon
- Bidens pilosa (blackjack) and Euphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia)Bidens pilosaEuphorbia heterophyllae0
- Organ / stage
- early stage of development (2 to 4 leaves)e3
- Outcome
- susceptiblee3
- Direction
- moree3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“study the efficiency of different herbicides and their mixtures on Bidens pilosa (blackjack) and Euphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia) biotypes, resistant to ALS herbicides in two development stages”
e3“Plants of both species were more susceptible to herbicides at the early stage of development (2 to 4 leaves)”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr and imazethapyr + imazapic were ineffective in controlling the studied biotypes, regardless of dose and stage.
- Taxon
- Bidens pilosa (blackjack) and Euphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia)Bidens pilosaEuphorbia heterophyllae0
- Treatment
- imazethapyr + imazapice4
- Outcome
- controlling the studied biotypese4
- Direction
- ineffectivee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“study the efficiency of different herbicides and their mixtures on Bidens pilosa (blackjack) and Euphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia) biotypes, resistant to ALS herbicides in two development stages”
e4“The treatments (imazethapyr, in both formulations) and (imazethapyr + imazapic) were ineffective in controlling the studied biotypes, regardless of dose and developmental stage studied”
Claim · model-written summary
The mixture with saflufenacil gave the highest control speed.
- Taxon
- Bidens pilosa (blackjack) and Euphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia)Bidens pilosaEuphorbia heterophyllae0
- Treatment
- mixture with saflufenacile5
- Outcome
- control speede5
- Direction
- higheste5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“study the efficiency of different herbicides and their mixtures on Bidens pilosa (blackjack) and Euphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia) biotypes, resistant to ALS herbicides in two development stages”
e5“The mixture with saflufenacil provided the highest control speed”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr + glyphosate was less efficient than three excellent treatments when applied at the 4-6 leaf stage.
- Taxon
- Bidens pilosa (blackjack) and Euphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia)Bidens pilosaEuphorbia heterophyllae0
- Organ / stage
- 4-6 leaf stagee6
- Treatment
- imazethapyr + glyphosatee6
- Outcome
- efficiente6
- Direction
- lesse6
- Comparator
- three excellent treatmentse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“study the efficiency of different herbicides and their mixtures on Bidens pilosa (blackjack) and Euphorbia heterophylla (wild poinsettia) biotypes, resistant to ALS herbicides in two development stages”
e6“the mixture (imazethapyr + glyphosate) was less efficient among three excellent treatments when applied to plants in the 4-6 leaf stage”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · control · Bidens pilosa (bur-marigold)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
glyphosate · control · Euphorbia heterophyllaResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.