Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during summer season of 2010 and 2011 at district seed farm, Kalyani under Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, to find out the effect of different post emergence herbicides on summer growing groundnut in new alluvial zone of West Bengal. All the herbicidal treatments as well as weed free check significantly increased the yield and yield attributing characters of groundnut and also reduce the weed population as well as weed biomass production as compared to un-weeded control. Post emergence application of quizalofop Ethyl at 100g a.i./ha was found better to control the weeds as compared to imizathapyr. Among the post-emergence herbicidal treatments pod yield, haulm yield and yield attributes of groundnut was found maximum with the treatment received post emergence application of quizalofop Ethyl at 100 g a.i. /ha. Among all the herbicidal treatments best results was obtained with pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 Kg a.i./ ha along with one hand weeding and recorded highest pod yield (2675 Kg/ha), haulm yield (3123 Kg/ha), number of pods/plant (17.3), shelling % (71.3) and SMK % (91.4). This might be due to application of pendimethalin as a pre emergence, suppresses the weed growth at early stage of the crop as a result of better crop stand. Practices of weed control by chemical and /or mechanical gave the significantly better pod yield of groundnut as compared to un-weeded control and pod yield of groundnut was decreased even up to 26 to 47% in un-weeded condition. Among the herbicidal treatments maximum gross return (Rs.80550), net return (Rs.55937) and B:C ratio (3.27) were recorded in the treatment received pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 Kg a.i./ ha along with one hand weeding. Key words: Groundnut, herbicide, pre-emergence, post-emergence, yield, economics.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide treatments and the weed-free check significantly increased groundnut yield and yield attributes compared with the un-weeded control.
- Taxon
- groundnut
Arachis hypogaeae1 - Treatment
- herbicidal treatmentse1
- Outcome
- yield and yield attributing characterse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- un-weeded controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“All the herbicidal treatments as well as weed free check significantly increased the yield and yield attributing characters of groundnut and also reduce the weed population as well as weed biomass production as compared to un-weeded control”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide treatments and the weed-free check reduced the weed population and weed biomass in groundnut compared with the un-weeded control.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- herbicidal treatmentse1
- Interactor
- weede1weed
- Outcome
- weed population as well as weed biomass productione1
- Direction
- reducee1
- Comparator
- un-weeded controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“All the herbicidal treatments as well as weed free check significantly increased the yield and yield attributing characters of groundnut and also reduce the weed population as well as weed biomass production as compared to un-weeded control”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-emergence quizalofop ethyl at 100 g a.i./ha controlled weeds better than imazethapyr in groundnut.
- Taxon
- summer groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Post emergence application of quizalofop Ethyl at 100g a.i./hae2
- Interactor
- weedse2weed
- Outcome
- control the weedse2
- Direction
- bettere2
- Comparator
- imizathapyre2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“summer groundnut”
e2“Post emergence application of quizalofop Ethyl at 100g a.i./ha was found better to control the weeds as compared to imizathapyr”
Claim · model-written summary
Among post-emergence herbicide treatments, quizalofop ethyl at 100 g a.i./ha gave the maximum pod yield, haulm yield and yield attributes of groundnut.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae3
- Treatment
- post emergence application of quizalofop Ethyl at 100 g a.i. /hae3
- Outcome
- pod yield, haulm yield and yield attributese3
- Direction
- maximume3
- Comparator
- post-emergence herbicidal treatmentse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“summer groundnut”
e3“Among the post-emergence herbicidal treatments pod yield, haulm yield and yield attributes of groundnut was found maximum with the treatment received post emergence application of quizalofop Ethyl at 100 g a.i. /ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-emergence pendimethalin at 1.0 kg a.i./ha with one hand weeding gave the highest pod yield of groundnut, 2675 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- summer groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 Kg a.i./ ha along with one hand weedinge4
- Outcome
- pod yielde4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Value
- 2675 Kg/hae4
- Comparator
- all the herbicidal treatmentse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“summer groundnut”
e4“Among all the herbicidal treatments best results was obtained with pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 Kg a.i./ ha along with one hand weeding and recorded highest pod yield (2675 Kg/ha), haulm yield (3123 Kg/ha), number of pods/plant (17.3), shelling % (71.3) and SMK % (91.4)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-emergence pendimethalin at 1.0 kg a.i./ha with one hand weeding gave the highest haulm yield of groundnut, 3123 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- summer groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 Kg a.i./ ha along with one hand weedinge4
- Outcome
- haulm yielde4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Value
- 3123 Kg/hae4
- Comparator
- all the herbicidal treatmentse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“summer groundnut”
e4“Among all the herbicidal treatments best results was obtained with pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 Kg a.i./ ha along with one hand weeding and recorded highest pod yield (2675 Kg/ha), haulm yield (3123 Kg/ha), number of pods/plant (17.3), shelling % (71.3) and SMK % (91.4)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-emergence pendimethalin at 1.0 kg a.i./ha with one hand weeding gave the highest number of pods per groundnut plant, 17.3.
- Taxon
- summer groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 Kg a.i./ ha along with one hand weedinge4
- Outcome
- number of pods/plante4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Value
- 17.3e4
- Comparator
- all the herbicidal treatmentse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“summer groundnut”
e4“Among all the herbicidal treatments best results was obtained with pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 Kg a.i./ ha along with one hand weeding and recorded highest pod yield (2675 Kg/ha), haulm yield (3123 Kg/ha), number of pods/plant (17.3), shelling % (71.3) and SMK % (91.4)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-emergence pendimethalin at 1.0 kg a.i./ha with one hand weeding gave the highest shelling percentage of groundnut, 71.3.
- Taxon
- summer groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 Kg a.i./ ha along with one hand weedinge4
- Outcome
- shelling %e4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Value
- 71.3e4
- Comparator
- all the herbicidal treatmentse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“summer groundnut”
e4“Among all the herbicidal treatments best results was obtained with pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 Kg a.i./ ha along with one hand weeding and recorded highest pod yield (2675 Kg/ha), haulm yield (3123 Kg/ha), number of pods/plant (17.3), shelling % (71.3) and SMK % (91.4)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-emergence pendimethalin at 1.0 kg a.i./ha with one hand weeding gave the highest SMK percentage of groundnut, 91.4.
- Taxon
- summer groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 Kg a.i./ ha along with one hand weedinge4
- Outcome
- SMK %e4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Value
- 91.4e4
- Comparator
- all the herbicidal treatmentse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“summer groundnut”
e4“Among all the herbicidal treatments best results was obtained with pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 Kg a.i./ ha along with one hand weeding and recorded highest pod yield (2675 Kg/ha), haulm yield (3123 Kg/ha), number of pods/plant (17.3), shelling % (71.3) and SMK % (91.4)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-emergence pendimethalin is thought to suppress weed growth early in the crop, leading to better crop stand.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- application of pendimethalin as a pre emergencee5
- Interactor
- weede5weed
- Outcome
- weed growthe5
- Qualifier
- better crop stande5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“summer groundnut”
e5“This might be due to application of pendimethalin as a pre emergence, suppresses the weed growth at early stage of the crop as a result of better crop stand”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical and/or mechanical weed control gave significantly better groundnut pod yield than the un-weeded control.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae6
- Treatment
- weed control by chemical and /or mechanicale6
- Outcome
- pod yielde6
- Direction
- bettere6
- Comparator
- un-weeded controle6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Practices of weed control by chemical and /or mechanical gave the significantly better pod yield of groundnut as compared to un-weeded control”
Claim · model-written summary
Groundnut pod yield was decreased by 26 to 47% in the un-weeded condition.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae7
- Treatment
- un-weeded conditione7
- Outcome
- pod yielde7
- Direction
- decreasede7
- Value
- 26 to 47%e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“pod yield of groundnut was decreased even up to 26 to 47% in un-weeded condition”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-emergence pendimethalin at 1.0 kg a.i./ha with one hand weeding gave the maximum gross return of groundnut production, Rs.80550.
- Taxon
- summer groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 Kg a.i./ ha along with one hand weedinge7
- Outcome
- gross returne7
- Direction
- maximume7
- Value
- Rs.80550e7
- Comparator
- herbicidal treatmentse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“summer groundnut”
e7“Among the herbicidal treatments maximum gross return (Rs.80550), net return (Rs.55937) and B:C ratio (3.27) were recorded in the treatment received pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 Kg a.i./ ha along with one hand weeding”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-emergence pendimethalin at 1.0 kg a.i./ha with one hand weeding gave the maximum net return of groundnut production, Rs.55937.
- Taxon
- summer groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 Kg a.i./ ha along with one hand weedinge7
- Outcome
- net returne7
- Direction
- maximume7
- Value
- Rs.55937e7
- Comparator
- herbicidal treatmentse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“summer groundnut”
e7“Among the herbicidal treatments maximum gross return (Rs.80550), net return (Rs.55937) and B:C ratio (3.27) were recorded in the treatment received pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 Kg a.i./ ha along with one hand weeding”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-emergence pendimethalin at 1.0 kg a.i./ha with one hand weeding gave the maximum B:C ratio of groundnut production, 3.27.
- Taxon
- summer groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 Kg a.i./ ha along with one hand weedinge7
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe7
- Direction
- maximume7
- Value
- 3.27e7
- Comparator
- herbicidal treatmentse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“summer groundnut”
e7“Among the herbicidal treatments maximum gross return (Rs.80550), net return (Rs.55937) and B:C ratio (3.27) were recorded in the treatment received pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 Kg a.i./ ha along with one hand weeding”
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