Abstract
The nonnative vine Vincetoxicum rossicum threatens several ecosystems in the Lower Great Lakes Basin of North America. One feature that may contribute to its invasiveness is the production of some seeds with multiple embryos (polyembryony), which may be beneficial as a bet-hedging strategy in variable environments. However, lower seed reserves per embryo in polyembryonic seeds may entail costs in low-light environments. The effect of seed from three embryonic classes (1, 2, or 3 embryos/seed) on V. rossicum survival and growth was studied under two forest understory light environments: full canopy (shade) or canopy gaps (light) in New York state. Two seedling cohorts were planted, in May 2004 and in May 2005. The survival and growth of seedlings was monitored biweekly for two (2005 cohort) or three (2004 cohort) seasons. For both cohorts, plants grown in canopy shade had reduced survival and growth compared with those grown in gaps. Contrary to expectations, seed embryo number had no effect on the final height, survival, or dry mass of plants in either habitat. Our results suggest that any fitness advantage provided by polyembryony may be habitat (light) dependent and not a general trait that affords V. rossicum a benefit in all habitats colonized.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Canopy shade reduced survival of Vincetoxicum compared with canopy gaps in both cohorts.
- Taxon
- Vincetoxicum rossicum
Vincetoxicum rossicumt0 - Treatment
- canopy shadee0
- Outcome
- survivale0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- both cohortse0
- Comparator
- gapse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For both cohorts, plants grown in canopy shade had reduced survival and growth compared with those grown in gaps.”
t0“Vincetoxicum rossicum”
Claim · model-written summary
Canopy shade reduced growth of Vincetoxicum compared with canopy gaps in both cohorts.
- Taxon
- Vincetoxicum rossicumVincetoxicum rossicumt0
- Treatment
- canopy shadee0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- both cohortse0
- Comparator
- gapse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For both cohorts, plants grown in canopy shade had reduced survival and growth compared with those grown in gaps.”
t0“Vincetoxicum rossicum”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed embryo number did not affect final Vincetoxicum height in either habitat.
- Taxon
- Vincetoxicum rossicumVincetoxicum rossicumt0
- Material
- seed embryo numbere0
- Outcome
- final heighte0
- Direction
- no effecte0
- Qualifier
- either habitate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed embryo number had no effect on the final height, survival, or dry mass of plants in either habitat”
t0“Vincetoxicum rossicum”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed embryo number did not affect Vincetoxicum survival in either habitat.
- Taxon
- Vincetoxicum rossicumVincetoxicum rossicumt0
- Material
- seed embryo numbere0
- Outcome
- survivale0
- Direction
- no effecte0
- Qualifier
- either habitate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed embryo number had no effect on the final height, survival, or dry mass of plants in either habitat”
t0“Vincetoxicum rossicum”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed embryo number did not affect Vincetoxicum dry mass in either habitat.
- Taxon
- Vincetoxicum rossicumVincetoxicum rossicumt0
- Material
- seed embryo numbere0
- Outcome
- dry masse0
- Direction
- no effecte0
- Qualifier
- either habitate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed embryo number had no effect on the final height, survival, or dry mass of plants in either habitat”
t0“Vincetoxicum rossicum”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest that any polyembryony fitness advantage may depend on habitat light.
- Taxon
- V. rossicumVincetoxicum rossicume0
- Outcome
- fitness advantage provided by polyembryonye0
- Qualifier
- habitat (light) dependente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“any fitness advantage provided by polyembryony may be habitat (light) dependent and not a general trait that affords V. rossicum a benefit in all habitats colonized”
The same questions in other papers
shade · growth · Vincetoxicum rossicumResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.