Abstract
Field experiments were conducted during 2006 and 2007 to develop an effective integrated method of wee d control for conventional flat-sown cotton. Treatments included combinations of chemical (No chemical, Pendimethalin @2.5 L ha -1 , and Glyphosate @4.7 L ha -1 ) and mechanical (No inter-culturing, Inter-culturing, Hand-weeding, and Inter-culturing + Hand-weeding) methods of weed control. A RCBD experiment with split plot arrangements was laid out; where chemical treatments were kept in main plots while mechanical treatments in subplots. Pendimethlin in combination with different mechanical treatments produced the maximum weed control (97%) at 30 DAS (days after sowing), while at 60 DAS the maximum weed control (91%) was achieved by application of Glyphosate in combination with Inter-culturing + hand-weeding. Highest seed cotton yields 2578 and 3613 kg ha -1 were recorded with application of Pendimethalin in combination with Inter-culturing + hand-weeding, followed by 2468 and 3396 kg ha -1 with application of Pendimethalin in combination with Hand-weeding during 2006 and 2007, respectively. Application of Pendimethalin in combination with Inter-culturing and hand-weeding produced the maximum plant dry weight (kg ha -1 ). Variations in characteristics of fiber quality i.e. %GOT, staple length (mm), and micronaire (µg inch -1 ) in response to different treatment combinations were either non significant or significant with very little practical importance. It is suggested that pre-emergence application of Pendimethalin in combination with Inter-culturing + hand-weeding may be used for efficient weed control and higher yields in flat-sown cotton.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin combined with different mechanical treatments gave the maximum weed control, 97%, at 30 days after sowing.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Treatment
- Pendimethlin in combination with different mechanical treatmentse1
- Interactor
- weede1weed
- Outcome
- weed controle1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 97%e1
- Qualifier
- 30 DASe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“flat-sown cotton”
e1“Pendimethlin in combination with different mechanical treatments produced the maximum weed control (97%) at 30 DAS”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate combined with inter-culturing and hand-weeding gave the maximum weed control, 91%, at 60 days after sowing.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate in combination with Inter-culturing + hand-weedinge1
- Interactor
- weede1weed
- Outcome
- weed controle1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 91%e1
- Qualifier
- 60 DASe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“flat-sown cotton”
e1“while at 60 DAS the maximum weed control (91%) was achieved by application of Glyphosate in combination with Inter-culturing + hand-weeding”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest seed cotton yield in 2006 was obtained with Pendimethalin combined with inter-culturing and hand-weeding.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Pendimethalin in combination with Inter-culturing + hand-weedinge1
- Outcome
- seed cotton yieldse1
- Direction
- Higheste1
- Value
- 2578e1
- Qualifier
- 2006e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“flat-sown cotton”
e1“Highest seed cotton yields 2578 and 3613 kg ha -1 were recorded with application of Pendimethalin in combination with Inter-culturing + hand-weeding, followed by 2468 and 3396 kg ha -1 with application of Pendimethalin in combination with Hand-weeding during 2006 and 2007, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest seed cotton yield in 2007 was obtained with Pendimethalin combined with inter-culturing and hand-weeding.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Pendimethalin in combination with Inter-culturing + hand-weedinge1
- Outcome
- seed cotton yieldse1
- Direction
- Higheste1
- Value
- 3613e1
- Qualifier
- 2007e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“flat-sown cotton”
e1“Highest seed cotton yields 2578 and 3613 kg ha -1 were recorded with application of Pendimethalin in combination with Inter-culturing + hand-weeding, followed by 2468 and 3396 kg ha -1 with application of Pendimethalin in combination with Hand-weeding during 2006 and 2007, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2006, Pendimethalin combined with hand-weeding gave a lower seed cotton yield than the highest treatment.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Pendimethalin in combination with Hand-weedinge1
- Outcome
- seed cotton yieldse1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede1
- Value
- 2468e1
- Qualifier
- 2006e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“flat-sown cotton”
e1“Highest seed cotton yields 2578 and 3613 kg ha -1 were recorded with application of Pendimethalin in combination with Inter-culturing + hand-weeding, followed by 2468 and 3396 kg ha -1 with application of Pendimethalin in combination with Hand-weeding during 2006 and 2007, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2007, Pendimethalin combined with hand-weeding gave a lower seed cotton yield than the highest treatment.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Pendimethalin in combination with Hand-weedinge1
- Outcome
- seed cotton yieldse1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede1
- Value
- 3396e1
- Qualifier
- 2007e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“flat-sown cotton”
e1“Highest seed cotton yields 2578 and 3613 kg ha -1 were recorded with application of Pendimethalin in combination with Inter-culturing + hand-weeding, followed by 2468 and 3396 kg ha -1 with application of Pendimethalin in combination with Hand-weeding during 2006 and 2007, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin combined with inter-culturing and hand-weeding gave the maximum plant dry weight.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Pendimethalin in combination with Inter-culturing and hand-weedinge1
- Outcome
- plant dry weighte1
- Direction
- maximume1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“flat-sown cotton”
e1“Application of Pendimethalin in combination with Inter-culturing and hand-weeding produced the maximum plant dry weight (kg ha -1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Fiber quality characteristics varied among treatment combinations, with either non-significant or significant differences of little practical importance.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- different treatment combinationse2
- Outcome
- characteristics of fiber qualitye1
- Qualifier
- either non significant or significant with very little practical importancee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“flat-sown cotton”
e1“Variations in characteristics of fiber quality i.e. %GOT, staple length (mm), and micronaire”
e2“in response to different treatment combinations were either non significant or significant with very little practical importance”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-emergence application of Pendimethalin combined with inter-culturing and hand-weeding may be used for efficient weed control and higher yields in flat-sown cotton.
Verbatim
e1“It is suggested that pre-emergence application of Pendimethalin in combination with Inter-culturing + hand-weeding may be used for efficient weed control and higher yields in flat-sown cotton”
The same questions in other papers
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- positive
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11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 23 in the opposite direction
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122 papers in the same direction as this paper · 51 in the opposite direction · 8 reporting no difference from an alternative
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See all 182 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.