Abstract
Sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia), hemp sesbania (Sesbania exaltata), and pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa) seed production and viability in early-maturing soybean (Glycine max) were evaluated following preharvest desiccation. The herbicide combinations 1.1 kg ai/ha glyphosate plus 6.7 kg ai/ha sodium chlorate, 2.2 kg/ha glyphosate plus 3.4 kg/ha sodium chlorate, and 0.3 kg ai/ha paraquat plus 6.7 kg/ha sodium chlorate reduced sicklepod germination, emergence, and seedling growth in most cases. Oxyfluorfen at 0.3 kg ai/ha plus 3.4 or 6.7 kg/ha sodium chlorate also reduced sicklepod germination and growth. Glufosinate from 0.8 to 1.4 kg ai/ha reduced sicklepod germination but did not have a consistent effect on other seedling growth parameters. Bromoxynil at 1.1 kg ai/ha plus 3.4 kg/ha sodium chlorate reduced sicklepod germination but did not have a consistent effect on most growth parameters. A wide range of treatments reduced hemp sesbania germination, emergence, and growth to very low levels. All desiccant applications reduced pitted morningglory seed production compared to the untreated check. Glyphosate at 1.1 kg/ha plus 6.7 kg/ha sodium chlorate, 0.3 kg/ha oxyfluorfen plus 3.4 kg/ha sodium chlorate, and 0.8 or 1.1 kg/ha glufosinate reduced pitted morningglory seed production and desiccated weeds effectively. Most treatments reduced emergence in 1996, when seeds were smaller and less mature than those collected in 1995. When application volume of paraquat alone or in tank mixture decreased, germination and growth of sicklepod was reduced, indicating increased paraquat efficacy.Nomenclature: Bromoxynil; glufosinate; glyphosate; oxyfluorfen; paraquat; sodium chlorate; pitted morningglory, Ipomoea lacunosa L. #3 IPOLA; hemp sesbania, Sesbania exaltata (Raf.) ex A. W. Hill # SEBEX; sicklepod, Senna obtusifolia (L.) Irwin et Barnaby # CASOB; soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘NK 4260’.Additional index words: Desiccation, germination, early-maturing soybean.Abbreviations: DAT, days after treatment.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Three glyphosate, chlorate and paraquat combinations generally reduced sicklepod germination, emergence and seedling growth.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- herbicide combinationse1
- Interactor
- sicklepode1weed
- Outcome
- sicklepod germination, emergence, and seedling growthe1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia), hemp sesbania (Sesbania exaltata), and pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa) seed production and viability in early-maturing soybean (Glycine max)”
e1“The herbicide combinations 1.1 kg ai/ha glyphosate plus 6.7 kg ai/ha sodium chlorate, 2.2 kg/ha glyphosate plus 3.4 kg/ha sodium chlorate, and 0.3 kg ai/ha paraquat plus 6.7 kg/ha sodium chlorate reduced sicklepod germination, emergence, and seedling growth in most cases.”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxyfluorfen plus sodium chlorate reduced sicklepod germination and growth.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Oxyfluorfen at 0.3 kg ai/ha plus 3.4 or 6.7 kg/ha sodium chloratee1
- Interactor
- sicklepode1weed
- Outcome
- sicklepod germination and growthe1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soybean (Glycine max)”
e1“Oxyfluorfen at 0.3 kg ai/ha plus 3.4 or 6.7 kg/ha sodium chlorate also reduced sicklepod germination and growth.”
Claim · model-written summary
Glufosinate reduced sicklepod germination, with inconsistent effects on other growth traits.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Glufosinate from 0.8 to 1.4 kg ai/hae1
- Interactor
- sicklepode1weed
- Outcome
- sicklepod germinatione1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soybean (Glycine max)”
e1“Glufosinate from 0.8 to 1.4 kg ai/ha reduced sicklepod germination but did not have a consistent effect on other seedling growth parameters.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bromoxynil plus chlorate reduced sicklepod germination, with inconsistent growth effects.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Bromoxynil at 1.1 kg ai/ha plus 3.4 kg/ha sodium chloratee1
- Interactor
- sicklepode1weed
- Outcome
- sicklepod germinatione1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soybean (Glycine max)”
e1“Bromoxynil at 1.1 kg ai/ha plus 3.4 kg/ha sodium chlorate reduced sicklepod germination but did not have a consistent effect on most growth parameters.”
Claim · model-written summary
Many treatments reduced hemp sesbania germination, emergence and growth to very low levels.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- wide range of treatmentse1
- Interactor
- hemp sesbaniae1weed
- Outcome
- hemp sesbania germination, emergence, and growthe1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soybean (Glycine max)”
e1“A wide range of treatments reduced hemp sesbania germination, emergence, and growth to very low levels.”
Claim · model-written summary
All desiccants reduced pitted morningglory seed production versus the untreated check.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- desiccant applicationse1
- Interactor
- pitted morningglorye1weed
- Outcome
- pitted morningglory seed productione1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Comparator
- untreated checke1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soybean (Glycine max)”
e1“All desiccant applications reduced pitted morningglory seed production compared to the untreated check.”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower paraquat application volume reduced sicklepod germination and growth.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- application volume of paraquat alone or in tank mixture decreasede1
- Interactor
- sicklepode1weed
- Outcome
- germination and growth of sicklepode1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soybean (Glycine max)”
e1“When application volume of paraquat alone or in tank mixture decreased, germination and growth of sicklepod was reduced”
The same questions in other papers
paraquat · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- negative
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See all 8 papers →sodium chlorate · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
glufosinate · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- no effect
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See all 12 papers →herbicide · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
59 papers in the same direction as this paper · 58 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- negative
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See all 122 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.