Abstract
The receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) belongs to a protein subfamily containing a tryptophan-aspartic acid-domain (WD) repeat structure. Compelling evidence indicates that RACK1 can interact with many signal molecules and affect different signal transduction pathways. In this study, we cloned a maize RACK1 gene (ZmRACK1) by RT-PCR. The amino acid sequence of ZmRACK1 had seven WD repeats in which there were typical GH (glycine-histidine) and WD dipeptides. Comparison with OsRACK1 from rice revealed 89% identity at the amino acid level. Expression pattern analysis by RT-PCR showed that ZmRACK1 was expressed in all analyzed tissues of maize and that its transcription in leaves was induced by abscisic acid and jasmonate at a high concentration. Overexpression of ZmRACK1 in maize led to a reduction in symptoms caused by Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) on maize leaves. The expression levels of the pathogenesis-related protein genes, PR-1 and PR-5, increased 2.5-3 times in transgenic maize, and reactive oxygen species production was more active than in the wild-type. Yeast two-hybrid assays showed that ZmRACK1 could interact with RAC1, RAR1 and SGT1. This study and previous work leads us to believe that ZmRACK1 may form a complex with regulators of plant disease resistance to coordinate maize reactions to pathogens.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
ZmRACK1 was cloned from maize.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“we cloned a maize RACK1 gene (ZmRACK1) by RT-PCR”
Claim · model-written summary
ZmRACK1 has seven WD repeats with GH and WD dipeptides.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“The amino acid sequence of ZmRACK1 had seven WD repeats in which there were typical GH (glycine-histidine) and WD dipeptides”
Claim · model-written summary
ZmRACK1 and rice OsRACK1 were 89% identical at amino acid level.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“Comparison with OsRACK1 from rice revealed 89% identity at the amino acid level”
Claim · model-written summary
ZmRACK1 was expressed in all analyzed maize tissues.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“ZmRACK1 was expressed in all analyzed tissues of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Abscisic acid induced ZmRACK1 transcription in leaves at high concentration.
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- abscisic acide0
- Outcome
- transcriptione0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Qualifier
- at a high concentratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“its transcription in leaves was induced by abscisic acid and jasmonate at a high concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Jasmonate induced ZmRACK1 transcription in leaves at high concentration.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“its transcription in leaves was induced by abscisic acid and jasmonate at a high concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
ZmRACK1 overexpression reduced Exserohilum turcicum symptoms on maize leaves.
- Treatment
- Overexpression of ZmRACK1e0
- Interactor
- Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.)
Exserohilum turcicume0pathogen - Gene
- ZmRACK1e0
- Outcome
- symptoms caused by Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.)e0
- Direction
- reductione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“Overexpression of ZmRACK1 in maize led to a reduction in symptoms caused by Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) on maize leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
PR-1 and PR-5 expression rose 2.5-3 times in transgenic maize.
- Material
- transgenic maizee0
- Gene
- PR-1 and PR-5e0
- Outcome
- expression levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 2.5-3 timese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“The expression levels of the pathogenesis-related protein genes, PR-1 and PR-5, increased 2.5-3 times in transgenic maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Reactive oxygen species production was more active in transgenic maize than wild type.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“reactive oxygen species production was more active than in the wild-type”
Claim · model-written summary
ZmRACK1 interacted with RAC1, RAR1, and SGT1 in yeast two-hybrid assays.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize”
e0“ZmRACK1 could interact with RAC1, RAR1 and SGT1”