Abstract
Some diazotrophic bacteria can fix nitrogen biologically in gramineous host plants. Generally, gramineous plants are also associated with mycorrhizal fungi, that can improve mainly plant P uptake. Among the factors affecting plant-microbe interactions, the plant genotype plays an important role. This study evaluates the effect of diazotrophic bacteria and an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), on five genotypes of maize (Zea mays L.), in relation to plant biomass, shoot N and P concentrations, and fine root morphological traits. The experimental design was entirely randomized in a factorial 5 × 4 × 2 arrangement, i.e., five maize genotypes (hybrids C333B, AS3466, and PREMIUM, and the inbreed lines lg40897-1 and lg40505-1), three diazotrophic bacteria (Azospirillum lipoferum, A. amazonense, and Burkholderia sp.) in addition to a control without bacterial inoculation, co-inoculated or not with the AMF Glomus clarum. The non-mycorrhizal plants inoculated with Azospirillum exhibited the highest N concentrations. The lines lg40897-1 and lg40505-1 showed higher P concentrations as compared to the hybrids, mainly when colonized by AMF. The higher levels of mycorrhizal colonization (90%) occurred in the C333B and lg40897-1 genotypes, which also exhibited a greater root diameter. Mycorrhiza increased shoot and root biomass, besides root traits as total length, specific length, total surface, and incidence of root hairs in all genotypes. In addition, mycorrhiza also stimulated the root colonization by diazotrophic bacteria. The bacteria did not affect root morphological traits and mycorrhizal colonization.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Maize plants inoculated with Azospirillum without mycorrhiza had the highest N concentrations
- Treatment
- Azospirillume0
- Interactor
- Azospirillum
Azospirillume0symbiont - Outcome
- N concentrationse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The non-mycorrhizal plants inoculated with Azospirillum exhibited the highest N concentrations”
e6“five genotypes of maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize lines lg40897-1 and lg40505-1 had higher P concentrations than hybrids, mainly when colonized by AMF
- Material
- lines lg40897-1 and lg40505-1e1
- Interactor
- AMFe1symbiont
- Outcome
- P concentrationse1
- Direction
- highere1
- Qualifier
- mainly when colonized by AMFe1
- Comparator
- hybridse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The lines lg40897-1 and lg40505-1 showed higher P concentrations as compared to the hybrids, mainly when colonized by AMF”
e6“five genotypes of maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize genotypes C333B and lg40897-1 had the highest mycorrhizal colonization, 90%
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The higher levels of mycorrhizal colonization (90%) occurred in the C333B and lg40897-1 genotypes, which also exhibited a greater root diameter”
e6“five genotypes of maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize genotypes C333B and lg40897-1 had a greater root diameter
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The higher levels of mycorrhizal colonization (90%) occurred in the C333B and lg40897-1 genotypes, which also exhibited a greater root diameter”
e6“five genotypes of maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhiza increased shoot and root biomass of maize
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Mycorrhiza increased shoot and root biomass, besides root traits as total length, specific length, total surface, and incidence of root hairs in all genotypes”
e6“five genotypes of maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhiza increased root total length, specific length and total surface of maize
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Mycorrhiza increased shoot and root biomass, besides root traits as total length, specific length, total surface, and incidence of root hairs in all genotypes”
e6“five genotypes of maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhiza increased the incidence of root hairs in maize
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Mycorrhiza increased shoot and root biomass, besides root traits as total length, specific length, total surface, and incidence of root hairs in all genotypes”
e6“five genotypes of maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhiza stimulated root colonization of maize by diazotrophic bacteria
- Treatment
- mycorrhizae4
- Interactor
- diazotrophic bacteriae4symbiont
- Outcome
- root colonization by diazotrophic bacteriae4
- Direction
- stimulatede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“In addition, mycorrhiza also stimulated the root colonization by diazotrophic bacteria”
e6“five genotypes of maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Diazotrophic bacteria did not affect root morphological traits or mycorrhizal colonization of maize
- Treatment
- bacteriae5
- Outcome
- root morphological traits and mycorrhizal colonizatione5
- Direction
- did not affecte5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The bacteria did not affect root morphological traits and mycorrhizal colonization”
e6“five genotypes of maize (Zea mays L.)”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · disease · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
66 papers in the same direction as this paper · 93 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
156 papers more in this group
See all 160 papers →mycorrhiza · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
168 papers in the same direction as this paper · 17 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
184 papers more in this group
See all 188 papers →mycorrhiza · disease · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
48 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
45 papers more in this group
See all 49 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.