Abstract
We have defined four stages in the development of cowpea seeds: I(9–11 days after flowering), II (13–15), HI (17–19) and IV (22–24). Poly A+ RNA fractions were prepared from cotyledons of developing (stages I–IV) and germinating (0, 12, 24 and 48 h after imbibition) seeds. Poly A+ RNAs from stages I–III exhibited high translation activities with a maximum at stage II, and the activity was markedly reduced at stage IV. In cotyledons of germinating seeds, the translation activity was low until 12 h after the onset of imbibition but rose thereafter. Analysis of in vitro translation products with SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and fluorography showed that the abundant mRNA population underwent a distinct change between stages II and III of seed development. Since the mRNA population at stage III was very similar to that of stage IV (mature seeds), it appears that, as far as mRNA species are concerned, the prerequisites for germination are fully available in the developing seeds by stage III. This assumption was supported by the fact that immature seeds at stage III exhibited high germination rates and normal axial growth and produced α-amylase at levels similar to those produced by mature seeds. Several polypeptides which have been regarded as translation products of stored mRNA (poly A+ RNA from dry seeds) were detected at earlier stages of germination.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Cotyledon poly A+ RNA translation was high at stages I–III, highest at stage II, then markedly lower at IV.
- Organ / stage
- stages I–IIIe0
- Outcome
- translation activitiese0
- Direction
- highe0
- Qualifier
- maximum at stage IIe0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Poly A+ RNAs from stages I–III exhibited high translation activities with a maximum at stage II, and the activity was markedly reduced at stage IV.”
Claim · model-written summary
Translation activity in germinating cotyledons was low until 12 h after imbibition and rose thereafter.
- Organ / stage
- cotyledons of germinating seedse0
- Outcome
- translation activitye0
- Direction
- rose thereaftere0
- Qualifier
- until 12 h after the onset of imbibitione0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“In cotyledons of germinating seeds, the translation activity was low until 12 h after the onset of imbibition but rose thereafter.”
Claim · model-written summary
Abundant mRNA populations changed between stages II and III of seed development.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“the abundant mRNA population underwent a distinct change between stages II and III of seed development”
Claim · model-written summary
Stage III mRNA populations closely resembled those of mature stage IV seeds.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“the mRNA population at stage III was very similar to that of stage IV (mature seeds)”
Claim · model-written summary
Immature stage III seeds had high germination rates and normal axial growth.
- Organ / stage
- immature seeds at stage IIIe0
- Outcome
- germination rates and normal axial growthe0
- Direction
- highe0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“immature seeds at stage III exhibited high germination rates and normal axial growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Stage III immature seeds produced α-amylase at levels similar to mature seeds.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“produced α-amylase at levels similar to those produced by mature seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Polypeptides associated with stored mRNA translation were detected at early germination stages.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Several polypeptides which have been regarded as translation products of stored mRNA (poly A+ RNA from dry seeds) were detected at earlier stages of germination.”