Abstract
Abstract Crops grown in narrow rows (NR, 0.25 to 0.38 m) shade weed seedlings more than do those grown in traditional wide rows (WR, 0.76 m). NR crops may require less herbicide and interrow cultivation than WR crops for equally effective weed control. This hypothesis was tested by comparing weed control and crop yield in NR and WR crops when the following percentages of recommended application rates (RAR) of standard herbicides were applied: soybean, 0, 50 and 100%; sunflower, 0, 25, 50, and 100%; and corn, 0, 33, and 100% in three separate sets of experiments conducted over 2, 3, and 4 years, respectively. In all treatments with 100% RAR, excellent weed control prevented reductions in crop yield. When only 25 to 50% RAR was applied, weed control was consistently high in NR (82 to 99% control), but variable in WR (42 to 99% control). Weed control and crop yields typically were lowest in NR without herbicides. Interrow cultivation controlled 0 to 81% of weeds in WR crops. In reduced herbicide treatments (25 to 50% RAR), yields of NR soybean and sunflower typically were about equal to those in WR with 100% RAR, but NR corn yields were about 10% less. Considering the reduced herbicide use and lower weed control costs, planting corn, soybean, and sunflower in narrow rows may represent a practical form of low-input production of these important crops.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Full recommended herbicide rates gave excellent weed control and prevented crop yield reductions.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“In all treatments with 100% RAR, excellent weed control prevented reductions in crop yield”
t0“row crops”
Claim · model-written summary
At 25 to 50% of the recommended herbicide rate, narrow rows had 82 to 99% weed control.
Verbatim
e0“When only 25 to 50% RAR was applied, weed control was consistently high in NR (82 to 99% control)”
t0“row crops”
Claim · model-written summary
At 25 to 50% of the recommended herbicide rate, wide rows had variable weed control of 42 to 99%.
Verbatim
e0“but variable in WR (42 to 99% control)”
e1“When only 25 to 50% RAR was applied, weed control was consistently high in NR (82 to 99% control), but variable in WR (42 to 99% control)”
t0“row crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Narrow-row crops without herbicide typically had the lowest weed control and yields.
Verbatim
e0“Weed control and crop yields typically were lowest in NR without herbicides”
t0“row crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Interrow cultivation controlled 0 to 81% of weeds in wide-row crops.
Verbatim
e0“Interrow cultivation controlled 0 to 81% of weeds in WR crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean yields in narrow rows with reduced herbicide were about equal to wide rows with full herbicide.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- reduced herbicide treatments (25 to 50% RAR)e0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- about equale0
- Comparator
- WR with 100% RARe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In reduced herbicide treatments (25 to 50% RAR), yields of NR soybean and sunflower typically were about equal to those in WR with 100% RAR”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunflower yields in narrow rows with reduced herbicide were about equal to wide rows with full herbicide.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuuse0 - Treatment
- reduced herbicide treatments (25 to 50% RAR)e0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- about equale0
- Comparator
- WR with 100% RARe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In reduced herbicide treatments (25 to 50% RAR), yields of NR soybean and sunflower typically were about equal to those in WR with 100% RAR”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn yields in narrow rows with reduced herbicide were about 10% below wide rows with full herbicide.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- reduced herbicide treatments (25 to 50% RAR)e1
- Outcome
- corn yieldse0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 10%e0
- Comparator
- WR with 100% RARe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but NR corn yields were about 10% less”
e1“In reduced herbicide treatments (25 to 50% RAR), yields of NR soybean and sunflower typically were about equal to those in WR with 100% RAR, but NR corn yields were about 10% less”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors regard narrow rows as a practical low-input option for corn, soybean, and sunflower.
- Taxon
- corn, soybean, and sunflowerGlycine maxHelianthus annuusZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- planting corn, soybean, and sunflower in narrow rowse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“planting corn, soybean, and sunflower in narrow rows may represent a practical form of low-input production of these important crops”
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