Abstract
White mold is a yield-limiting disease during the fall-winter season in southeastern Brazil when irrigated type III common beans are generally sown 0.5 m apart with 10 to 12 plants per meter. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of combining increased row width (RW) and reduced planting density (PD), with or without fungicide, for white mold management. Treatments were arranged as a 2³ factorial: RW (0.50 or 0.75 m), PD (6 or 12 plants per meter), and fungicide (sprayed or unsprayed). Two trials were conducted in Viçosa, State of Minas Gerais. In 2002, the average incidence of white mold was 43.2%, the severity index, 31.1%, and the yield, 2513 kg ha-1. In 2003, the values of these variables were 48.0%, 22.6%, and 2159 kg ha-1, respectively. Interactions involving both RW and PD were not significant for either disease intensity or yield in the combined analysis across years. Increasing RW led to reduction in white mold intensity in 2002. The lower PD reduced disease incidence in 2002 and did not affect yield in the combined analysis. In fungicide sprayed plots, wide RW decreased yield in 2002, but RW did not affect yield in 2003. In unsprayed plots, RW did not affect yield in both years. We conclude that increasing RW to 0.75 m combined with low PD is a promising strategy for white mold management when fungicide is not applied. When fungicide is applied, the current row width (0.50 m) combined with low PD maximize the yield.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed other-oa. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
In 2002 white mold incidence averaged 43.2%.
- Taxon
- common bean
Phaseolus vulgarist0 - Outcome
- incidence of white molde0
- Value
- 43.2%e0
- Setting
- Viçosa, State of Minas Geraise1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 2002, the average incidence of white mold was 43.2%”
t0“common bean”
e1“Viçosa, State of Minas Gerais”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2002 white mold severity index averaged 31.1%.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Outcome
- severity indexe0
- Value
- 31.1%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the severity index, 31.1%”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2002 bean yield averaged 2513 kg ha-1.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Value
- 2513 kg ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the yield, 2513 kg ha-1”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2003 white mold incidence was 48.0%.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Outcome
- values of these variablese0
- Value
- 48.0%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 2003, the values of these variables were 48.0%, 22.6%, and 2159 kg ha-1, respectively”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2003 white mold severity index was 22.6%.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Outcome
- values of these variablese0
- Value
- 22.6%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 2003, the values of these variables were 48.0%, 22.6%, and 2159 kg ha-1, respectively”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2003 bean yield was 2159 kg ha-1.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Outcome
- values of these variablese0
- Value
- 2159 kg ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 2003, the values of these variables were 48.0%, 22.6%, and 2159 kg ha-1, respectively”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Interactions involving row width and planting density were not significant for disease intensity or yield.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- RW and PDe0
- Outcome
- disease intensity or yielde0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interactions involving both RW and PD were not significant for either disease intensity or yield in the combined analysis across years”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing row width reduced white mold intensity in 2002.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Increasing RWe0
- Outcome
- white mold intensitye0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing RW led to reduction in white mold intensity in 2002”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower planting density reduced disease incidence in 2002.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- lower PDe0
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lower PD reduced disease incidence in 2002”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower planting density did not affect yield in the combined analysis.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- lower PDe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lower PD reduced disease incidence in 2002 and did not affect yield in the combined analysis”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
With fungicide, wide row width decreased yield in 2002.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- wide RWe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- fungicide sprayed plotse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In fungicide sprayed plots, wide RW decreased yield in 2002”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
With fungicide, row width did not affect yield in 2003.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- RWe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Qualifier
- fungicide sprayed plotse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In fungicide sprayed plots, wide RW decreased yield in 2002, but RW did not affect yield in 2003”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Without fungicide, row width did not affect yield in either year.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- RWe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Qualifier
- unsprayed plotse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In unsprayed plots, RW did not affect yield in both years”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Wider rows with low density are promising for white mold management without fungicide.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Outcome
- increasing RW to 0.75 m combined with low PDe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing RW to 0.75 m combined with low PD is a promising strategy for white mold management when fungicide is not applied”
t0“common bean”
Claim · model-written summary
With fungicide, current row width and low planting density maximize yield.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Outcome
- current row width (0.50 m) combined with low PDe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the current row width (0.50 m) combined with low PD maximize the yield”
t0“common bean”
The same questions in other papers
density · disease · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
density · yield · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
22 papers in the same direction as this paper · 58 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
77 papers more in this group
See all 81 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.