Abstract
The study on the induction of plant defense against to anthracnose disease of chili by sodium nitroprusside solution was investigated during pre- and post-harvest. Pre-harvest treatment was conducted by spraying the chili plants with sodium nitroprusside (SNP, nitric oxide donor) solution at 0 (control), 0.05 and 0.1 mM every 3 days for 9 times before inoculating with the spore suspension of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (the causal agent of anthracnose disease) and then sprayed with SNP again 1 time after inoculating. The results revealed that 0.1 mM SNP was the best concentration to suppress anthracnose disease by reducing disease incidence and disease index on chili leaves, and showing the lowest loss of yield caused by anthracnose disease. This founding also showed that either pathogenic inoculation or SNP treatment had ability to induce the activities of peroxidase (POD) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) of chili leaves, particularly the chili plant inoculated with pathogenic fungi followed by treated with 0.1 mM SNP showed the highest POD and PAL activities. Post-harvest treatment was done by inoculating the mature chilli fruit with C. capcisi for 4 h and followed by dipping in 0 (control) and 4 mM SNP. All fruit samples were kept at 13C for 15 days. The results showed that chili fruit dipped with 4 mM SNP reduced disease incidence, disease index, delayed weight loss, respiration rate, ethylene production, and also maintained the changes of fruit color (ΔE) better than non-treated fruit (control). The activities of chitinase (CHI) and β-1,3-glucanase (GLU) in chili fruit were induced by SNP with the highest peak on day 6 of storage but they were not significant different with the control fruit. These results indicated that SNP might potential leading to the reduction of anthracnose disease in chili by eliciting plant defense related enzymes in both pre- and post-harvest periods.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Preharvest 0.1 mM SNP reduced anthracnose disease incidence and index on chili leaves.
- Taxon
- chilie0
- Treatment
- 0.1 mM SNPe0
- Interactor
- Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Colletotrichum gloeosporioidese1pathogen - Outcome
- disease incidence and disease index on chili leavese0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“0.1 mM SNP was the best concentration to suppress anthracnose disease by reducing disease incidence and disease index on chili leaves”
e1“Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (the causal agent of anthracnose disease)”
Claim · model-written summary
Preharvest 0.1 mM SNP gave the lowest anthracnose related yield loss.
- Taxon
- chilit0
- Treatment
- 0.1 mM SNPe1
- Outcome
- loss of yield caused by anthracnose diseasee0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“showing the lowest loss of yield caused by anthracnose disease”
t0“chili”
e1“0.1 mM SNP was the best concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Pathogen inoculation induced POD and PAL activities in chili leaves.
- Taxon
- chilie0
- Treatment
- pathogenic inoculatione0
- Outcome
- activities of peroxidase (POD) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) of chili leavese0
- Direction
- inducee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“either pathogenic inoculation or SNP treatment had ability to induce the activities of peroxidase (POD) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) of chili leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
SNP induced POD and PAL activities in chili leaves.
- Taxon
- chilie0
- Treatment
- SNP treatmente0
- Outcome
- activities of peroxidase (POD) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) of chili leavese0
- Direction
- inducee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“either pathogenic inoculation or SNP treatment had ability to induce the activities of peroxidase (POD) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) of chili leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal inoculation followed by 0.1 mM SNP gave highest POD and PAL activities.
- Taxon
- chilie0
- Treatment
- inoculated with pathogenic fungi followed by treated with 0.1 mM SNPe0
- Outcome
- POD and PAL activitiese0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“chili plant inoculated with pathogenic fungi followed by treated with 0.1 mM SNP showed the highest POD and PAL activities”
Claim · model-written summary
Postharvest 4 mM SNP reduced fruit disease incidence and index.
Verbatim
e0“chili fruit dipped with 4 mM SNP reduced disease incidence, disease index”
e1“non-treated fruit (control)”
e2“C. capcisi for 4 h”
Claim · model-written summary
Postharvest 4 mM SNP delayed fruit weight loss.
Verbatim
e0“chili fruit dipped with 4 mM SNP reduced disease incidence, disease index, delayed weight loss”
e1“non-treated fruit (control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Postharvest 4 mM SNP reduced fruit respiration and ethylene production.
Verbatim
e0“chili fruit dipped with 4 mM SNP reduced disease incidence, disease index, delayed weight loss, respiration rate, ethylene production”
e1“non-treated fruit (control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Postharvest 4 mM SNP maintained fruit color changes better than control.
Verbatim
e0“maintained the changes of fruit color (ΔE) better than non-treated fruit (control)”
t0“chili”
e1“chili fruit dipped with 4 mM SNP”
Claim · model-written summary
SNP induced fruit chitinase and glucanase activities, peaking on storage day six; differences from control were not significant.
Verbatim
e0“The activities of chitinase (CHI) and β-1,3-glucanase (GLU) in chili fruit were induced by SNP with the highest peak on day 6 of storage but they were not significant different with the control fruit.”
The same questions in other papers
sodium nitroprusside · disease · Capsicum (peppers)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
inoculation · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Capsicum (peppers)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.