Abstract
The allelopathic effect of the aqueous extracts from Sorghum bicolor stem and maize (roots and tassel) were examined on the germination and seedling growth of okra ( Abelmoschus esculentus L.). The results showed that the extracts inhibited the germination of okra seeds which was more pronounced in seeds treated with maize (roots and tassel) extracts as no germination was recorded until 48 hours of experimental time. Also the radicle and plumule lengths were retarded. Plumule lengths were more retarded as no germination was recorded until 72 hours of experimental time. The inhibitory effects were concentration dependent as the inhibition increases with increase in concentration of the extracts. Statistical analysis (P<0.05) revealed that there were significant differences in the germination of okra treated seeds most especially at higher concentration of the extracts when compared to control experiment. In the radicle lengths, statistical analysis revealed that there were significant differences in the radicle lengths of the extract treated seeds compared to the control experiment except at 24 hours of experimental time. Similarly in the plumule, significant differences abound in the extract treated seeds from 72 hrs to 144 hrs. These findings indicate that both germination and growth of okra sown in the field may be adversely affected by extracts from these residues, thus resulting in lowering yields especially by the maize root extracts.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum stem aqueous extract inhibited okra germination.
- Taxon
- okra
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Abelmoschus esculentuse0 - Treatment
- aqueous extracts from Sorghum bicolor steme0
- Interactor
- Sorghum bicolor
Sorghum bicolore0other - Outcome
- germination of okra seedse1
- Direction
- inhibitede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“aqueous extracts from Sorghum bicolor stem and maize (roots and tassel) were examined on the germination and seedling growth of okra”
e1“The results showed that the extracts inhibited the germination of okra seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize root and tassel extracts inhibited okra germination, with none recorded until 48 hours.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse1
- Treatment
- maize (roots and tassel) extractse0
- Outcome
- no germinatione0
- Direction
- no germinatione0
- Qualifier
- until 48 hours of experimental timee0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seeds treated with maize (roots and tassel) extracts as no germination was recorded until 48 hours of experimental time”
e1“germination and seedling growth of okra”
Claim · model-written summary
The extracts retarded okra radicle length.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse1
- Treatment
- the extractse2
- Outcome
- radiclee0
- Direction
- retardede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Also the radicle and plumule lengths were retarded”
e1“germination and seedling growth of okra”
e2“The results showed that the extracts inhibited”
Claim · model-written summary
The extracts retarded okra plumule length.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse1
- Treatment
- the extractse2
- Outcome
- plumule lengthse0
- Direction
- retardede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Also the radicle and plumule lengths were retarded”
e1“germination and seedling growth of okra”
e2“The results showed that the extracts inhibited”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract inhibition increased with concentration.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse1
- Treatment
- concentration of the extractse0
- Outcome
- inhibitione0
- Direction
- increasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inhibitory effects were concentration dependent as the inhibition increases with increase in concentration of the extracts”
e1“germination and seedling growth of okra”
Claim · model-written summary
Okra germination differed significantly after extract treatment, especially at higher concentrations, compared with control.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- higher concentration of the extractse0
- Outcome
- germination of okra treated seedse0
- Comparator
- control experimente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant differences in the germination of okra treated seeds most especially at higher concentration of the extracts when compared to control experiment”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract-treated okra radicle length differed significantly from control except at 24 hours.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse1
- Treatment
- extract treated seedse0
- Outcome
- radicle lengthse0
- Qualifier
- except at 24 hours of experimental timee0
- Comparator
- control experimente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant differences in the radicle lengths of the extract treated seeds compared to the control experiment except at 24 hours of experimental time”
e1“germination and seedling growth of okra”
Claim · model-written summary
Okra plumule length differed significantly after extract treatment from 72 to 144 hours.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse1
- Treatment
- extract treated seedse0
- Outcome
- plumulee0
- Qualifier
- from 72 hrs to 144 hrse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the plumule, significant differences abound in the extract treated seeds from 72 hrs to 144 hrs”
e1“germination and seedling growth of okra”
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See all 57 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.