Abstract
ABSTRACT Public concern related to pesticides and genetically modified foods has prompted a rise of consumer interest in organically produced foods. Currently, organic agriculture is the fastest growing sector of the agriculture industry. Potatoes are an important vegetable crop in Canada and are subject to attack by many pests. In particular, the Colorado potato beetle (CPB), Leptinotursa decemlineata (Say), is one of the most important defoliator pests of potatoes in Canada. Field experiments were conducted for two growing seasons in Nova Scotia, Canada. The objective of the trials was to evaluate companion planting and the spraying of botanical extracts as alternative pest controls for the CPB. Bush beans, flax, French marigold, horseradish and tansy were tested as companion plants to potatoes; in addition, a capsaicin extract (Hot Pepper Wax™), a garlic extract (Garlic Barrier AG®), a neem seed extract (Neemix 4.5®), a Bacillus thuringiensis product (Novado® Biological Insecticide) and a pine extract (Vapor Gard®) were evaluated as insect control sprays. Results from these trials indicated that potatoes sprayed with a 2% concentration of the neem extract had lower beetle densities, lower potato defoliation and higher yields than the control plots and the other treatments evaluated. Novador® was also an effective control against CPB attack; however, not as effective as the neem extract. Companion planting and garlic and capsaicin extracts did not reduce the densities of CPBs on potatoes; rather, some of the companion plants increased the incidence of CPB attack. Overall, a review of the results from this study raised concerns about using companion plants without first verifying their efficacy.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Potatoes sprayed with a 2% neem extract had lower beetle densities than control plots and the other treatments.
- Taxon
- potatoes
Solanum tuberosume0 - Treatment
- 2% concentration of the neem extracte0
- Interactor
- beetlee0pest
- Outcome
- beetle densitiese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“potatoes sprayed with a 2% concentration of the neem extract had lower beetle densities, lower potato defoliation and higher yields than the control plots and the other treatments evaluated”
Claim · model-written summary
Potatoes sprayed with a 2% neem extract had lower potato defoliation than control plots and the other treatments.
- Taxon
- potatoesSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- 2% concentration of the neem extracte0
- Outcome
- potato defoliatione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“potatoes sprayed with a 2% concentration of the neem extract had lower beetle densities, lower potato defoliation and higher yields than the control plots and the other treatments evaluated”
Claim · model-written summary
Potatoes sprayed with a 2% neem extract had higher yields than control plots and the other treatments.
- Taxon
- potatoesSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- 2% concentration of the neem extracte0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- control plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“potatoes sprayed with a 2% concentration of the neem extract had lower beetle densities, lower potato defoliation and higher yields than the control plots and the other treatments evaluated”
Claim · model-written summary
The Bacillus thuringiensis product Novador was an effective control against Colorado potato beetle attack, though less effective than the neem extract.
- Treatment
- Novador®e1
- Interactor
- CPBe1pest
- Outcome
- control against CPB attacke1
- Direction
- effectivee1
- Qualifier
- not as effective as the neem extracte1
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e1“Novador® was also an effective control against CPB attack; however, not as effective as the neem extract”
Claim · model-written summary
Companion planting did not reduce Colorado potato beetle densities on potatoes.
- Taxon
- potatoesSolanum tuberosume2
- Treatment
- Companion plantinge2
- Interactor
- CPBse2pest
- Outcome
- densities of CPBse2
- Direction
- did not reducee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Companion planting and garlic and capsaicin extracts did not reduce the densities of CPBs on potatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Garlic extract did not reduce Colorado potato beetle densities on potatoes.
- Taxon
- potatoesSolanum tuberosume2
- Treatment
- garlice2
- Interactor
- CPBse2pest
- Outcome
- densities of CPBse2
- Direction
- did not reducee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Companion planting and garlic and capsaicin extracts did not reduce the densities of CPBs on potatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Capsaicin extract did not reduce Colorado potato beetle densities on potatoes.
- Taxon
- potatoesSolanum tuberosume2
- Treatment
- capsaicine2
- Interactor
- CPBse2pest
- Outcome
- densities of CPBse2
- Direction
- did not reducee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Companion planting and garlic and capsaicin extracts did not reduce the densities of CPBs on potatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Some of the companion plants increased the incidence of Colorado potato beetle attack.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e3“some of the companion plants increased the incidence of CPB attack”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that companion plants should not be used without first verifying their efficacy.
- Outcome
- using companion plants without first verifying their efficacye4
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e4“a review of the results from this study raised concerns about using companion plants without first verifying their efficacy”
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