Abstract
Crop monitoring for adult corn rootworms, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte and Diabrotica barberi Smith and Lawrence, remains the best means to assess fields at risk from this pest if replanted to corn, Zea mays (L.). Improvements in sampling methodology, including the development of a sequential sampling plan, have reduced the minimum sampling time required to make a management decision to 20 min or less per field per visit. However, many growers and crop consultants still find this time commitment a constraint to repeated scouting. A common currently used sampling method involves systematically covering most of the field following a "W" pattern. The feasibility of replacing the current sampling pattern with a simpler and less time-consuming transect (straight line) pattern was assessed. When sampling methods were compared, computer simulations demonstrated that treatment decisions based on transect sampling would have an acceptably low error rate averaging 10% over a range of realistic corn rootworm densities (0-2 adults per plant). This error rate represented a decrease in accuracy of <1% compared with systematic sampling. Field trials using transect, systematic, and random sampling in each field were used to compare the categorization of adult corn rootworm densities into "above" or "below" threshold with a sequential sampling plan. Efficiency measured in time to reach a decision, number of corn plants evaluated, and time divided by plants observed were compared between sampling methods. The three methods did not differ significantly in the number of plants evaluated or in the categorization of corn rootworm populations. Transect sampling resulted in a significantly shorter time divided by plants observed (38 s), than either systematic (78 s), or random sampling methods (166 s). Based on these results transect sampling reduces sampling time 51% compared with systematic sampling and thus could be used to reduce total sampling times substantially.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
In simulations, transect-based treatment decisions had an average error rate of 10% across 0-2 adult corn rootworms per plant.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- transect samplinge1
- Interactor
- corn rootworme1pest
- Outcome
- error ratee1
- Value
- 10%e1
- Qualifier
- 0-2 adults per plante1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crop monitoring for adult corn rootworms, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte and Diabrotica barberi Smith and Lawrence, remains the best means to assess fields at risk from this pest if replanted to corn, Zea mays (L.)”
e1“When sampling methods were compared, computer simulations demonstrated that treatment decisions based on transect sampling would have an acceptably low error rate averaging 10% over a range of realistic corn rootworm densities (0-2 adults per plant)”
Claim · model-written summary
Transect sampling decreased accuracy by less than 1% compared with systematic sampling.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- accuracye2
- Direction
- decreasee2
- Value
- <1%e2
- Comparator
- systematic samplinge2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crop monitoring for adult corn rootworms, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte and Diabrotica barberi Smith and Lawrence, remains the best means to assess fields at risk from this pest if replanted to corn, Zea mays (L.)”
e2“This error rate represented a decrease in accuracy of <1% compared with systematic sampling”
Claim · model-written summary
Transect, systematic and random sampling did not differ significantly in plants evaluated or in rootworm population categorization.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Interactor
- corn rootworme3pest
- Outcome
- number of plants evaluated or in the categorization of corn rootworm populationse3
- Comparator
- transect, systematic, and random samplinge4
- Setting
- Field trialse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crop monitoring for adult corn rootworms, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte and Diabrotica barberi Smith and Lawrence, remains the best means to assess fields at risk from this pest if replanted to corn, Zea mays (L.)”
e3“The three methods did not differ significantly in the number of plants evaluated or in the categorization of corn rootworm populations”
e4“Field trials using transect, systematic, and random sampling in each field”
Claim · model-written summary
Transect sampling needed less time per plant observed than systematic sampling.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- time divided by plants observede5
- Direction
- shortere5
- Value
- 38 se5
- Qualifier
- 78 se5
- Comparator
- systematice5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crop monitoring for adult corn rootworms, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte and Diabrotica barberi Smith and Lawrence, remains the best means to assess fields at risk from this pest if replanted to corn, Zea mays (L.)”
e5“Transect sampling resulted in a significantly shorter time divided by plants observed (38 s), than either systematic (78 s), or random sampling methods (166 s)”
Claim · model-written summary
Transect sampling needed less time per plant observed than random sampling.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- time divided by plants observede5
- Direction
- shortere5
- Value
- 38 se5
- Qualifier
- 166 se5
- Comparator
- random sampling methodse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crop monitoring for adult corn rootworms, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte and Diabrotica barberi Smith and Lawrence, remains the best means to assess fields at risk from this pest if replanted to corn, Zea mays (L.)”
e5“Transect sampling resulted in a significantly shorter time divided by plants observed (38 s), than either systematic (78 s), or random sampling methods (166 s)”
Claim · model-written summary
Transect sampling reduced sampling time by 51% compared with systematic sampling.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- sampling timee6
- Direction
- reducese6
- Value
- 51%e6
- Comparator
- systematic samplinge6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crop monitoring for adult corn rootworms, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte and Diabrotica barberi Smith and Lawrence, remains the best means to assess fields at risk from this pest if replanted to corn, Zea mays (L.)”
e6“transect sampling reduces sampling time 51% compared with systematic sampling”
Claim · model-written summary
Transect sampling could be used to reduce total sampling times substantially.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- reduce total sampling timese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crop monitoring for adult corn rootworms, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte and Diabrotica barberi Smith and Lawrence, remains the best means to assess fields at risk from this pest if replanted to corn, Zea mays (L.)”
e7“thus could be used to reduce total sampling times substantially”