Abstract
Grafting watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus) onto rootstocks of interspecific hybrid squash (Cucurbita moschata × C. maxima), bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), or citron (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides) has been used in Asia and Israel to mange Fusarium wilt of watermelon caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum. The objectives of this study were to determine the frequency of infection of six rootstocks by F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum races 1 and 2 and the field performance of grafted rootstocks in Charleston, SC. Grafted and nongrafted watermelon and rootstock plants were inoculated in the greenhouse with race 1, race 2, or water (the control treatment). With both races, the frequency of recovery of F. oxysporum from scion and rootstock portions of inoculated watermelon plants grafted onto 'Ojakkyo' citron was greater than from watermelon plants grafted onto 'Shintosa Camel' and 'Strong Tosa' interspecific hybrid squash, and from plants grafted onto 'Emphasis', 'Macis', and 'WMXP 3945' bottlegourd. For nongrafted plants inoculated with race 1, percent recovery also was greater from Ojakkyo than from interspecific hybrid squash and bottlegourd. For nongrafted plants inoculated with race 2, F. oxysporum was recovered from the base of ≥79% of all inoculated plants. More than two-thirds (15) of 21 isolates recovered from the tops or scions of inoculated plants were pathogenic on watermelon. In spring 2010 and 2011, the six rootstocks were grafted with seedless watermelon 'Tri-X 313', which is susceptible to both races, and transplanted in a field infested with races 1 and 2 of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum. Disease incidence for nongrafted and self-grafted Tri-X 313 (the control treatments) and Tri-X 313 grafted onto Ojakkyo citron did not differ significantly. Grafted watermelon plants produced greater weights and numbers of fruit than plants of the two control treatments. Nonpathogenic isolates of F. oxysporum and isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum colonized interspecific hybrid squash, bottlegourd, and grafted watermelon. The rootstocks evaluated, however, restricted movement of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum into the watermelon scion, suppressed wilt symptoms, and increased fruit yields in an infested field.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium recovery from watermelon grafted onto Ojakkyo citron exceeded recovery from plants grafted onto hybrid squash or bottlegourd under either race.
- Taxon
- watermelon
Citrullus lanatuse0 - Treatment
- grafted onto 'Ojakkyo' citrone0
- Interactor
- F. oxysporum
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium oxysporume0pathogen - Outcome
- frequency of recovery of F. oxysporume0
- Direction
- greater thane0
- Comparator
- 'Shintosa Camel' and 'Strong Tosa' interspecific hybrid squashe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“With both races, the frequency of recovery of F. oxysporum from scion and rootstock portions of inoculated watermelon plants grafted onto 'Ojakkyo' citron was greater than from watermelon plants grafted onto 'Shintosa Camel' and 'Strong Tosa' interspecific hybrid squash, and from plants grafted onto 'Emphasis', 'Macis', and 'WMXP 3945' bottlegourd.”
Claim · model-written summary
Race 1 recovery was greater from nongrafted Ojakkyo than hybrid squash and bottlegourd.
Verbatim
e0“For nongrafted plants inoculated with race 1, percent recovery also was greater from Ojakkyo than from interspecific hybrid squash and bottlegourd.”
Claim · model-written summary
Race 2 Fusarium was recovered from at least 79% of inoculated nongrafted plant bases.
- Interactor
- F. oxysporumFusarium oxysporume0pathogen
- Outcome
- F. oxysporum was recovered from the basee0
- Value
- ≥79%e0
Not reportedTaxon
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For nongrafted plants inoculated with race 2, F. oxysporum was recovered from the base of ≥79% of all inoculated plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fifteen of 21 isolates from inoculated plant tops or scions were pathogenic on watermelon.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse0
- Outcome
- isolates recovered from the tops or scions of inoculated plants were pathogenic on watermelone0
- Value
- 15e0
- Qualifier
- 21 isolatese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“More than two-thirds (15) of 21 isolates recovered from the tops or scions of inoculated plants were pathogenic on watermelon.”
Claim · model-written summary
Wilt incidence did not differ significantly between the two watermelon controls and Ojakkyo-grafted watermelon.
Verbatim
e0“Disease incidence for nongrafted and self-grafted Tri-X 313 (the control treatments) and Tri-X 313 grafted onto Ojakkyo citron did not differ significantly.”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafted watermelon produced greater fruit weights and numbers than the two controls.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse0
- Treatment
- Graftede0
- Outcome
- weights and numbers of fruite0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- the two control treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grafted watermelon plants produced greater weights and numbers of fruit than plants of the two control treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nonpathogenic and pathogenic Fusarium isolates colonized squash, bottlegourd and grafted watermelon.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse0
- Interactor
- F. oxysporumFusarium oxysporume0pathogen
- Outcome
- colonized interspecific hybrid squash, bottlegourd, and grafted watermelone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nonpathogenic isolates of F. oxysporum and isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum colonized interspecific hybrid squash, bottlegourd, and grafted watermelon.”
Claim · model-written summary
The rootstocks restricted Fusarium movement into watermelon scions and suppressed wilt symptoms.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse0
- Treatment
- The rootstocks evaluatede0
- Interactor
- F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveume0pathogen - Outcome
- movement of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum into the watermelon scion, suppressed wilt symptomse0
- Direction
- restrictede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The rootstocks evaluated, however, restricted movement of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum into the watermelon scion, suppressed wilt symptoms, and increased fruit yields in an infested field.”
Claim · model-written summary
Evaluated rootstocks increased watermelon fruit yields in an infested field.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse0
- Treatment
- The rootstocks evaluatede0
- Outcome
- fruit yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- an infested fielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The rootstocks evaluated, however, restricted movement of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum into the watermelon scion, suppressed wilt symptoms, and increased fruit yields in an infested field.”
The same questions in other papers
grafting · yield · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Results differ
58 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
62 papers more in this group
See all 66 papers →grafting · Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.