Abstract
Studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of dry residue of amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. var. Azteca) stem on weed growth and yield of radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. Champion), onion (Allium cepa L. var. Cambray), and carrot (Daucus carota L. var. Nantes), in order to determine the inhibitory effect of amaranth. The treatments were established under field conditions: 1) aqueous extract (AE); 2) soil-incorporated residue (S-IR); 3) surface-applied residue (S-AR); 4) unaltered soil control (U-S/C); 5) soil-incorporated control (S-I/C). The soil type at the study site was loamy-sand, with bulk density 1.47 m–3, containing 2.1% organic matter. The species with the largest number of plants and highest dry weight in the three vegetables were Simsia amplexicaulis (Cav.) Pers., and a group of Gramineae grasses. Weed reduction was observed with treatments S-AR and S-IR related to the respective controls (U-S/C and S-I/C). Generally, decrease in plant number and dry weight in both treatments varied from 60% to 97% during the vegetable cycle. Radish yield decreased significantly with S-AR and S-IR; whereas that of onion and carrot increased significantly with S-AR. The results indicate that amaranth residue, incorporated or surface applied may control some weeds in radish, onion, and carrot. The surface-applied residue has potential to increase the yield of onion and carrot. However, it is necessary to find optimal residue management conditions for its application in the field to avoid reduction in yield of sensitive crops like radish, and/or when the residue is incorporated.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Simsia amplexicaulis was among the weeds with the largest plant number and dry weight in the three vegetables.
- Taxon
- radish
Raphanus sativuse0 - Interactor
- Simsia amplexicaulis (Cav.) Pers.
Simsia amplexicaulise1weed - Outcome
- largest number of plants and highest dry weighte1
- Direction
- largeste1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. Champion), onion (Allium cepa L. var. Cambray), and carrot (Daucus carota L. var. Nantes)”
e1“The species with the largest number of plants and highest dry weight in the three vegetables were Simsia amplexicaulis (Cav.) Pers., and a group of Gramineae grasses”
Claim · model-written summary
Gramineae grasses were among the weeds with the largest plant number and dry weight in the vegetables.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse0
- Interactor
- Gramineae grassese1weed
- Outcome
- largest number of plants and highest dry weighte1
- Direction
- higheste1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. Champion), onion (Allium cepa L. var. Cambray), and carrot (Daucus carota L. var. Nantes)”
e1“The species with the largest number of plants and highest dry weight in the three vegetables were Simsia amplexicaulis (Cav.) Pers., and a group of Gramineae grasses”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface-applied amaranth residue reduced weed plant number and dry weight compared with its control, by 60% to 97% over the vegetable cycle.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse0
- Treatment
- S-ARe1
- Interactor
- Weede1weed
- Outcome
- plant number and dry weighte1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Value
- 60% to 97%e1
- Comparator
- U-S/Ce1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. Champion), onion (Allium cepa L. var. Cambray), and carrot (Daucus carota L. var. Nantes)”
e1“Weed reduction was observed with treatments S-AR and S-IR related to the respective controls (U-S/C and S-I/C). Generally, decrease in plant number and dry weight in both treatments varied from 60% to 97% during the vegetable cycle”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil-incorporated amaranth residue reduced weed plant number and dry weight compared with its control, by 60% to 97% over the vegetable cycle.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse0
- Treatment
- S-IRe1
- Interactor
- Weede1weed
- Outcome
- plant number and dry weighte1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Value
- 60% to 97%e1
- Comparator
- S-I/Ce1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. Champion), onion (Allium cepa L. var. Cambray), and carrot (Daucus carota L. var. Nantes)”
e1“Weed reduction was observed with treatments S-AR and S-IR related to the respective controls (U-S/C and S-I/C). Generally, decrease in plant number and dry weight in both treatments varied from 60% to 97% during the vegetable cycle”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface-applied residue significantly decreased radish yield.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativuse1
- Treatment
- S-ARe1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. Champion)”
e1“Radish yield decreased significantly with S-AR and S-IR”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil-incorporated residue significantly decreased radish yield.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativuse1
- Treatment
- S-IRe1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. Champion)”
e1“Radish yield decreased significantly with S-AR and S-IR”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface-applied residue significantly increased onion yield.
- Taxon
- onion
Allium cepae0 - Treatment
- S-ARe1
- Outcome
- that of onione1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“onion (Allium cepa L. var. Cambray)”
e1“that of onion and carrot increased significantly with S-AR”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface-applied residue significantly increased carrot yield.
- Taxon
- carrot
Daucus carotae0 - Treatment
- S-ARe1
- Outcome
- yielde2
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“carrot (Daucus carota L. var. Nantes)”
e1“that of onion and carrot increased significantly with S-AR”
e2“Radish yield decreased significantly with S-AR and S-IR; whereas that of onion and carrot increased significantly with S-AR”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend optimizing residue management to avoid yield loss in sensitive crops such as radish.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse0
- Outcome
- optimal residue management conditionse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. Champion)”
e1“it is necessary to find optimal residue management conditions for its application in the field to avoid reduction in yield of sensitive crops like radish, and/or when the residue is incorporated”