Abstract
The yield stability of intercropping systems is important in developing cropping systems that produce economic yields over a wide range of environments. Field studies were conducted during the 1997/98 and 1998/99 growing seasons at three locations in the forest and forest–savannah transition zones of Ghana to determine yield, land use efficiency and yield stability of cassava ( Manihot esculenta ), maize ( Zea mays ), soya bean ( Glycine max ) and cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata ) intercrop systems. The cropping systems consisted of a factorial combination of two cassava varieties: ‘Gblemoduade’ (an improved, highly branched variety) and ‘Ankra’ (a local variety with fewer branches) and three spatial arrangements. Cowpea rows were planted in the minor season into cassava as a successive crop to maize and soya bean after their harvest in the major season. Intercropping significantly reduced grain or tuber yield of maize, cassava ‘Gblemoduade’ and cassava ‘Ankra’ by 23–70%, 16–49% and 24–64%, respectively. Maize yield decreased with increased number of soya bean rows. ‘Gblemoduade’ outyielded ‘Ankra’ by more than 100% under both intercrop and sole crop. The yield of soya bean increased with increased number of soya bean rows, but did not differ in response to the cassava variety. However, cowpea yield was higher when intercropped with ‘Ankra’ than with ‘Gblemoduade’. The intercrops had higher land use ratios (LER=1·27–2·83) and were more stable than the sole crops. Intercrops involving ‘Ankra’ had higher LER (2·14–2·18) than systems with ‘Gblemoduade’ (LER=1·83–1·99), but their yield stabilities were similar.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping reduced maize grain yield by 23–70%.
- Treatment
- Intercroppinge0
- Outcome
- grain or tuber yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 23–70%e0
- Comparator
- sole crope1
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Intercropping significantly reduced grain or tuber yield of maize, cassava ‘Gblemoduade’ and cassava ‘Ankra’ by 23–70%, 16–49% and 24–64%, respectively”
t0“intercrops”
e1“under both intercrop and sole crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping reduced Gblemoduade cassava tuber yield by 16–49%.
- Taxon
- cassava
Manihot esculentae0 - Material
- ‘Gblemoduade’e0
- Treatment
- Intercroppinge0
- Outcome
- grain or tuber yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 16–49%e0
- Comparator
- sole crope1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Intercropping significantly reduced grain or tuber yield of maize, cassava ‘Gblemoduade’ and cassava ‘Ankra’ by 23–70%, 16–49% and 24–64%, respectively”
t0“intercrops”
e1“under both intercrop and sole crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping reduced Ankra cassava tuber yield by 24–64%.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae0
- Material
- ‘Ankra’e0
- Treatment
- Intercroppinge0
- Outcome
- grain or tuber yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 24–64%e0
- Comparator
- sole crope1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Intercropping significantly reduced grain or tuber yield of maize, cassava ‘Gblemoduade’ and cassava ‘Ankra’ by 23–70%, 16–49% and 24–64%, respectively”
t0“intercrops”
e1“under both intercrop and sole crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield declined as soya bean row number increased.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize yield decreased with increased number of soya bean rows”
Claim · model-written summary
Gblemoduade cassava outyielded Ankra by over 100% under intercrop and sole cropping.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Material
- ‘Gblemoduade’e0
- Outcome
- outyieldede0
- Direction
- outyieldede0
- Value
- more than 100%e0
- Comparator
- ‘Ankra’e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Gblemoduade’ outyielded ‘Ankra’ by more than 100% under both intercrop and sole crop”
t0“cassava”
Claim · model-written summary
Soya bean yield increased with the number of soya bean rows.
Verbatim
e0“The yield of soya bean increased with increased number of soya bean rows”
Claim · model-written summary
Soya bean yield did not differ by cassava variety.
Verbatim
e0“did not differ in response to the cassava variety”
t0“soya bean”
e1“The yield of soya bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Cowpea yield was higher with Ankra than with Gblemoduade cassava.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatae0 - Treatment
- intercropped with ‘Ankra’e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- ‘Gblemoduade’e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cowpea yield was higher when intercropped with ‘Ankra’ than with ‘Gblemoduade’”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercrops had higher land use ratios than sole crops, with LER 1·27–2·83.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- intercropse0
- Outcome
- land use ratiose0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1·27–2·83e0
- Comparator
- sole cropse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The intercrops had higher land use ratios (LER=1·27–2·83) and were more stable than the sole crops”
t0“cassava”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercrops were more stable than sole crops.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- intercropse0
- Outcome
- stablee0
- Direction
- more stablee0
- Comparator
- sole cropse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The intercrops had higher land use ratios (LER=1·27–2·83) and were more stable than the sole crops”
t0“cassava”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercrops with Ankra had higher LER (2·14–2·18) than with Gblemoduade.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Material
- ‘Ankra’e0
- Outcome
- LERe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 2·14–2·18e0
- Qualifier
- 1·83–1·99e0
- Comparator
- ‘Gblemoduade’e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Intercrops involving ‘Ankra’ had higher LER (2·14–2·18) than systems with ‘Gblemoduade’ (LER=1·83–1·99)”
t0“cassava”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield stability was similar for intercrops with Ankra and Gblemoduade.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Material
- ‘Ankra’e1
- Outcome
- yield stabilitiese0
- Direction
- similare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but their yield stabilities were similar”
t0“cassava, maize, soya bean and cowpea intercrops”
e1“Intercrops involving ‘Ankra’”
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See all 834 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.