Paper · 1970 · Weed Research

EFFECT OF TRANSPIRATION RATE OF BEAN PLANTS ON INHIBITION OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS BY SOME ROOT‐APPLIED HERBICIDES

J. L. P. van OORSCHOT

4
claims
8
verbatim quotes
25
citations
1
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Summary. The inhibition of photosynthesis of bean plants ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by root‐applied herbicides was determined at different rates of transpiration, obtained by varying air humidity, light intensity and temperature. The plants were treated with 5×10 −6 M of simazine, simeton, lenacil, isocil, diuron and fenuron in the nutrient solution. CO 2 uptake and transpiration of intact bean plants were measured continuously. The decrease in photosynthesis was more rapid at higher transpiration rates. For each herbicide the total transpiration to the 50% inhibition level of photosynthesis was almost constant at different rates of transpiration, indicating that the degree of inhibition is determined by the transpiration stream in the plants. Treatments with lenacil and diuron resulted in a lower degree of photosynthesis inhibition than did the other herbicides. The results are discussed in relation to uptake studies, herbicidal effects and adsorption phenomena of these and similar herbicides. They are also related to the field performance of such herbicides. Effet de la uitesse de la transpiration des haricots sur l'inhibition de la Photosynthèse par quelques herbicides administerés par les racines Résumé. L'inhibition de la Photosynthèse des haricots (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) par des herbicides administerés par les racines a été déterminèe à des taux différents de transpiration, obtenus en faisant varier l'humidité de I'air, l'intensité de la lumière et la température. Les plantes ont été traitées avec une concentration de 5 × 10 −6 M de simazine, de simétone, de lénacile, d'isocile, de diuron et de fenuron dans la solution nutritive. L'absorption du CO 2 et la transpiration des plantes intactes ont été mesurées en continu. La diminution de la Photosynthèse fut plus rapide pour un taux de transpiration élevé. Pour chaque herbicide, la transpiration totale jusqu'au niveau de 50% d'inhibition dc la Photosynthèse fut assez constante aux différents taux de transpiration, ce qui indique que le degré d'inhibition est déterminé par le courant de la transpiration dans les plantes. Le lénacile et le diuron ont moins influenceé la Photosynthèse que les autres herbicides. Les résultats ont été discutés par rapport à I'assimilation, aux effets phytotoxiques et aux phénomines de l'adsorption de ces herbicides et d'autres produits similaires, Les résultats ont été considerés aussi en relation avec l'effet de ces herbicides au champ. Einfluss der Transpìratìonsìntensität von Bohnen Pflanzen auf die Photosynthesekemmung nach Application einiger Herbizide über die Wurzel Zusammenfassung. Die Photosynthesekemmung von Bohnenpflanzen ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) durch einige üer die Wurzeln applizierte Herbizide wurde unter verschiedenen Transpirationsbedingungen, die durch Änderung der Luftfeuchtigkeit, Lichtintensität und Temperatur erhalten wurden, bestimmt. Die Pflanzen wurden mit 5 × 10 −6 M Simazin, Simeton, Lenacil, Isocil, Diuron und Fenuron in der Nährlösung behandelt. CO 2 ‐Aufnahme und Transpiration intakter Pflanzen wurden kontinuierlich gemessen. Die Abnahme der Photosynthese war bei höherer Transpirationsintensität stärker. Für jedes Herbizid war die Gesamt transpiration bis zur Stufe der 50%‐Hemmung bei verschiedenen Transpirationsintensitäten weitgehend konstant. Dieses Verhaiten zeigt, dass der Grad der Hemmung durch den Transpirationsstrom in der Pflanze bestimmt wird. Die Behandlung mit Lenacil und Diuron ergaben einen geringeren Hemmungsgrad als bei den übrigen Herbiziden. Die Ergebnisse werden im Hinblick auf Aufnahme, Herbizidwirkung und Adsorphánosphanomene dieser Herbizide besprochen. Sie werden auch auf die Wirkung dieser Herbizide im Freiland bezogen.

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Claims 4

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Photosynthesis declined more rapidly at higher transpiration rates.

Taxon
BEAN PLANTSt0
Outcome
decrease in photosynthesise0
Direction
more rapide0
Comparator
higher transpiration ratese0

Verbatim

e0

“The decrease in photosynthesis was more rapid at higher transpiration rates.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 431–507 · show in text ↑
t0

“BEAN PLANTS”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 32–43 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Total transpiration to 50% inhibition was almost constant across transpiration rates.

Taxon
BEAN PLANTSt0
Outcome
total transpiration to the 50% inhibition level of photosynthesise0
Direction
almost constante0
Value
50%e0
Comparator
different rates of transpiratione0

Verbatim

e0

“For each herbicide the total transpiration to the 50% inhibition level of photosynthesis was almost constant at different rates of transpiration”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 508–652 · show in text ↑
t0

“BEAN PLANTS”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 32–43 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Lenacil caused less photosynthesis inhibition than other herbicides.

Taxon
BEAN PLANTSt0
Treatment
lenacile0
Outcome
photosynthesis inhibitione0
Direction
lowere0
Comparator
the other herbicidese0

Verbatim

e0

“Treatments with lenacil and diuron resulted in a lower degree of photosynthesis inhibition than did the other herbicides.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 752–873 · show in text ↑
t0

“BEAN PLANTS”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 32–43 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Diuron caused less photosynthesis inhibition than other herbicides.

Taxon
BEAN PLANTSt0
Treatment
diurone0
Outcome
photosynthesis inhibitione0
Direction
lowere0
Comparator
the other herbicidese0

Verbatim

e0

“Treatments with lenacil and diuron resulted in a lower degree of photosynthesis inhibition than did the other herbicides.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 752–873 · show in text ↑
t0

“BEAN PLANTS”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 32–43 · show in text ↑